Eyelids Flashcards
Facial nerve (VII) innervates?
blinking mostly
- orbicularis oculi
- superciliaris/corrugator supercilii
- retractor anguli oculi
Trigeminal nerve (V) innervates?
feeling mostly…
- ophthalmic for upper and maxillary for lower
Oculomotor nerve (III) innervates?
levator Palpebrae superioris
Eyelid glands?
Meibomian (secretion is oily and forms the outer layer of the precorneal tear film) ! all we care about
30-40 in each lid
Eyelid Agenesis
loss of skin around eye
a small defect may be ok, not need treatment
-most commonly seen in cats, Persians
Neonatal Ophthalmia
Newborn puppies are susceptible to eye infection especially around 2 weeks of age.
-happens with ankyloblepharon (eyelids are closed together) so eyelid needs to be opened + antibiotics
Blepharophimosis
narrow palpebral fissure. (usually incidental may be contributing factor in entropion)
Macroblepharon
enlarged palpebral fissure (‘Bug Eyes’)
brachycephalic problem usually
-fix with medial canthoplasty
Lagophthalmos
when the eyelids can’t completely close over
distichiasis
treatment?
cilia emerge from meibomian gland and cause irritation (most common form of eyelash dz)
tx- cryotherapy (only those causing problem need to be corrected)
ectopic cilium
cilia arise from meibomian gland but emerge through the conjunctiva
-usually near center upper lid
trichiasis
cilia that grow towards the cornea due to altered facial or eyelid conformation
Entropion
- presenting signs?
- 3 types?
rolling in of the eyelid
- TE visible (owner claims globe is rolled back)
- types: congenital, spastic, cicatricial
- eyelid tacking and/or eyelid resection can be recommended
ectropion
- 3 types?
- treatment?
- common breeds?
rolling out of the eyelid
- congenital, cicatricial, paralytic
- V to Y or just wedge removal (only if causing corneal disease or excessive ocular discharge)
- blood hound/basset hound
types of blepharitis
and their treatments?
- juvenile pyoderma (SYST abx and antiinflammatories)
- demodex
- hordoleum/stye (infection of gland)
- bee sting
- UDAS
eyelid tumors
- dermoid (not neoplastic)
- **meibomian gland adenoma **most common; almost always benign (debulk and freeze)
- papilloma
- melanoma (often benign)
- histiocytoma (usually regress spontaneously)
- mast cell tumor
- squamous cell carcinoma (cattle > horse > white cat)
- horses - sarcoids
take out the third eyelid?
NO predisposes to KCS!
surgical techniques to replace third eyelid?
pocket, orbital rim
theres a bunch more weirdo things at the end but I dont think theyre important enough, give syst. abx, remove cancer etc.
yea
3 functions of the eyelid
protect globe, tear distribution, tear removal
ectopic cilia treatment
surgical correction by partial thickness excision and/ or cryoablation
lacerations
- clean but debridement should be minimal
- if really fresh, apply bandage for 12-24hrs
- suture in 2 layers
what is the most common cause for bacterial Blepharitis ?
staph aureus
chalazion
granulomatous rxn in meibomian gland, needs sx excision
