Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Surgical Specialties: Ophthalmology > Eyelid Disorders > Flashcards

Eyelid Disorders Flashcards

1
Q

What is blepharitis?

A

Inflammation of the eyelid margins.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What condition is this sensation describing: gritty, itchy, dry sensation?

A

Blepharitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Dysfunction of which gland is associated with blepharitis?

A

Meibomian gland - responsible for secreting oil onto surface of the eye.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What what can gland dysfunction in blepharitis lead to?

A

Stye and chalazions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

How is blepharitis treated?

A

Hot compress and gentle cleaning of eyelid margins to remove debris using cotton wool.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What are the three lubricating eyedrops that can be used in blepharitis?

A
  1. Hypromellose - least viscous, lasts 10 mins
  2. Polyvinyl alcohol - middle viscosity, start with these
  3. Carbomer - most viscous, lasts 30-60 mins
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What are the two types of stye and which glands do they infect?

A
  1. Hordeolum externum - glands of Zeis/Moll

2. Hordeolum internum - Meibomian glands

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is this a typical presentation of: tender red lump along the eyelid which may contain pus?

A

Stye

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is the treatment for stye?

A

Hot compress and analgesia, consider topical antibiotics (chloramphenicol) if associated with conjunctivits/persistent.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

How does a chalazion cyst occur?

A

When the Meibomian gland becomes blocked and swells up.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is this a typical presentation of: swelling in the eyelid, typically non-tender?

A

Chalazion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is the treatment for chalazion?

A

Hot compress and analgesia, topical antibiotics (chloramphenicol) if acutely inflamed. May need surgical drainage (rare).

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is entropion?

A

Eyelid turns inwards with lashes against the eyeball.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is this a typical presentation of: eyelid turned in with pain, corneal damage and ulceration.

A

Entropion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is the treatment for entropion?

A

Tape eyelid down to prevent it turning inwards, use regular lubricating eyedrops.
Definitive management is surgical intervention.
Same day referral to ophthalmology if there is a risk to sight.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is ectropion?

A

Eyelid turns outwards with inner aspect of eyelid exposed, usually bottom lid.

17
Q

What is the main complication of ectropion?

A

Exposure keratopathy (eyeball not adequately protected)

18
Q

What is the treatment for ectropion?

A

Mild cases do not need treatment except lubricating eye drops. More significant cases need surgery.
Same day referral to ophthalmology is there is a risk to sight.

19
Q

What is this a presentation of: inward growing of the eyelashes, pain, corneal damage and ulceration?

A

Trichiasis

20
Q

What is the treatment for trichiasis?

A

Removal of eyelash, if recurrent then may require electrolysis/cryotherapy/laser treatment.
Same day referral to ophthalmology if there is a risk to sight.

21
Q

What is this a presentation of: swelling, redness, and hot skin around eyelids and eye (in front of eye)?

A

Periorbital cellulitis

22
Q

What is an important differential diagnosis for periorbital cellulitis and how is it distinguished?

A

Orbital cellulitis, CT scan.

23
Q

What is the treatment for periorbital cellulitis?

A

Systemic antibiotics, severe cases may require admission which treat in case of development into orbital cellulitis.

24
Q

What is this a presentation of: swelling, redness, and hot skin around eyelids and eye, pain on eye movement, vision changes, abnormal pupil reactions, proptosis?

A

Orbital cellulitis (emergency)

25
Q

What are the risk factors for orbital cellulitis?

A

Childhood, previous sinus infection, lack of Hib vaccination, periorbital cellulitis, ear/facial infection.

26
Q

What is the treatment for orbital cellulitis?

A

Medical emergency - admission and IV antibiotics, may require surgical drainage if an abscess develops.

Surgical Specialties: Ophthalmology (18 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions