Eye movements and Squints Flashcards
What are the alternative names for squints? (2)
stabismus, tropia
What is a convergent squint also known as?
Esotropia
Which is the most common type of squint?
Esotropia - convergent
What is the cause of a convergent squint?
no cause or associated hypermetropia
What is hypermetropia?
long-sightedness
What is a consequence of allowing a squint to be left untreated, particularly in children?
the brain will start to favour the clearer eye and thus stop developing the visual pathway of the poorer eye
What is a divergent squint also known as?
Exotropia
Which group is a divergent squint most common in?
older children, often intermittent
2 Diagnostic tests for squints?
- Corneal reflections - the reflections of a bright light should be symmetrical on each cornea 2. Cover test - movement of the uncovered eye to fixation when unaffected eye is covered
What are the 3 Os of managing squints?
Optical, Orthoptic, Operation
What is the optical management of a squint?
Assess and correct any refractive errors - no child is too young
How are squints managed orthoptically?
Patching the good eye encouraging the use of the eye that squints
How are squints managed surgically?
resection or recession of a rectus muscle helping alignment
What is a paralytic squint?
diplopia is most on looking in the direction of pull of the paralysed muscle
Features of a third nerve palsy
ptosis (drooping eye lid), proptosis (as recti less toned), fixed pupil dilation, eye looks down and out
