Anatomy and Physiology

Question 1

7 bones that make up the orbit

Answer 1

Frontal, zygomatic, maxilla, nasal, sphenoid, ethmoid, lacrimal

Question 2

Bone which contains the optic canal

Answer 2

sphenoid

Question 3

Bone with the infraorbital foramen

Answer 3

Maxilla

Question 4

External layer of the eyelid

Answer 4

Orbicularis oculi, orbital and palpebral parts

Question 5

Levator palpebrae superioris is opened by which cranial nerve

Answer 5

CN III

Question 6

Lacrimal gland is controlled by which cranial nerve?

Answer 6

CN VII

Question 7

Path of the tears across the eye

Answer 7

Angular wash from the superior temporal area to the inferior nasal area, drain into puncta, lacrimal sac and then the nasolacrimal duct

Question 8

3 layers of the eye

Answer 8

fibrous, uvea, retina

Question 9

2 parts to the fibrous layer of the eye

Answer 9

sclera, cornea

Question 10

3 layers to the Uvea

Answer 10

Iris, ciliary body, chorodi

Question 11

Where is the anterior segment of the eye?

Answer 11

in front of the lens

Question 12

Where is the anterior chamber of the eye

Answer 12

in the anterior segment between the cornea and iris

Question 13

Humour within the anterior chamber ?

Answer 13

aqueous

Question 14

Where is the posterior chamber of the eye?

Answer 14

the iris and the suspensory ligaments

Question 15

Humour within the posterior chamber in the eye?

Answer 15

aqueous

Question 16

Where are floaters commonly found?

Answer 16

the vitreous humour in the posterior

Question 17

What is a cataract?

Answer 17

a clouding of the lens

Question 18

What produces the aqueous humour?

Answer 18

the ciliary body

Question 19

Where is the aqueous humour reabsorbed?

Answer 19

the canal of schlemm at the iridocorneal angle

Question 20

What nerve does the ophthalmic artery travel alongside?

Answer 20

the optic nerve CN II

Question 21

what does the ophthalmic artery branch into?

Answer 21

the central artery of the retina and the ciliary arteries

Question 22

Alongside the optic artery, what is also within the optic nerve?

Answer 22

the central retinal vein

Question 23

what other veins are found around the eye apart from the Central retinal vein?

Answer 23

superior and inferior ophthalmic veins

Question 24

Where do the superior and inferior ophthalmic veins drain?

Answer 24

anterior into the facial vein, posteriorly into the cavernous sinus

Question 25

What is the fundus?

Answer 25

the posterior area where light is focussed

Question 26

What does the fundus include?

Answer 26

the optic disc, the macula and the fovea

Question 27

What is the fovea?

Answer 27

the centre of the macula and area of most acute vision

Question 28

What is the order of cells in the retina from posterior to anterior? (3)

Answer 28

the photoreceptors –> ganglion cells –> axons –> arteries and veins

Question 29

Why is the retina the blind spot?

Answer 29

there are no photoreceptors on the optic disc