Eye meds

Question 1

How do prostaglandins work?

Answer 1

Increase uveoscleral outflow

Question 2

Which medications can change eye colour

Answer 2

Prostaglandins analogues

e.g. latanoprost

Question 3

How do beta blockers work

Answer 3

Reduce aqueous secretion

Question 4

Acetazolamide

Answer 4

Carbonic anhydrase inhibitor

Question 5

Dorzolamide

Answer 5

Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors

Question 6

Side effects of carbonic anhydrase inhibitors

Answer 6

Peri-oral tingling
Parasthesia
Renal calculi

Question 7

Which drug can cause peri-oral tingling, peristhesia and renal calculi?

Answer 7

Acetazolomide

Question 8

Acetazolomide and dorzolamide - which one can be taken orally and which is given in topical form?

Answer 8

Acetazolomide is given oral

Dorzolamide is given in topical form

Question 9

How do carbonic anhydrase inhibitors work?

Answer 9

Decrease aqueous production

Question 10

How do parasympathomimetics work? e.g. pilocarpine

Answer 10

Increase outflow

Question 11

Side effects of parasympathomimetics? e.g. pilocarpine

Answer 11

Pupil constriction - pain
Dimming of vision
Problems at night

Question 12

Which medications can cause pupil constriction (pain), dimming of vision and problems at night?

Answer 12

Parasympathomimetics e.g. pilocarpine

Question 13

Pros and cons of trabeculectomy?

Answer 13

Surgery more effective and better compliance

But surgery increases progression of cataract

Question 14

Surgery treatment for acute closure glaucoma

Answer 14

Peripheral iridotomy - surgical or laser

Question 15

Treatment for episcleritis

Answer 15

Topical lubricants and topical NSAIDs

Question 16

Treatment for scleritis

Answer 16

Oral NSAIDs, may require systemic immunosuppresion

Question 17

Treatment for anterior uveitis

Answer 17

Topical steroids - hourly with gradual taper

Topical mydriatic

Question 18

Treatment for bacterial corneal ulcer

Answer 18

Antibiotics, e.g. ofloxacin hourly

Question 19

Treatment for herpetic corneal ulcer

Answer 19

Aciclovir 5 days

Question 20

Treatment for acute angle closure glaucoma

Answer 20

• 500mg IV acetazolomide STAT
• topical antihypertensives
• topical steroids
• pilocarpine once IOP <50mmHg
• YAG laser peripheral iridotomy

Question 21

Treatment for ARMD

Answer 21

• anti-VEGF (e.g. lucentis [ramibizumab])
• monoclonal antibodies
• intravitreal injections

Question 22

Treatment for optic neuritis

Answer 22

IV steroids may hasten recovery but will not affect final visual acuity.
Oral steroids may worsen outcome.
May be some role for B interferon.

Question 23

Bad adverse effect of mydriatic drops?

Answer 23

Can be a precipitant of acute angle closure glaucoma

Question 24

Investigation for macular degeneration

Answer 24

Optical coherence tomography

If there is neovascularisation - do fluorescein angiogrpahy

Question 25

Which type of eye drops could cause corneal ulcers?

Answer 25

Steroid eye drops can lead to fungal infections, which can cause corneal ulcers

Question 26

What vision is impaired in glaucoma

Answer 26

Peripheral vision