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Ocular anatomy > Eye chambers > Flashcards

Eye chambers Flashcards

1
Q

What is the location of the anterior chamber

A

Space behind corneal endotheliuma in front of iris

Filled with 0.25ml of aqeous humour

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2
Q

What is the location of the posterior chamber

A

A narrow space behind iris and in front of the zonular fibres and ciliary processes

Filled with 0.06ml of aqueous humour

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3
Q

What is the location of the vitreous chamber

A

A large space behind the lens and in front of the optic nerve filled with vitreous humour

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4
Q

What is the function of the angle between the posterior cornea and the anterior iris surface

A

For the outflow of aqueous humour (draiange of aqueous humour)

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5
Q

Name the strucutres related to the angle

A

Trabecular meshwork

Schlemm’s canal

Scleral spur

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6
Q

Where is the trabecular meshwork located

A

angle of the anterior chamber near the limbus

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7
Q

What is the trabecular meshwork divided into

A

Uveal meshwork

Corneoscleral meshwork (has perforated sheets)

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8
Q

What is beside the uveal meshwork and what does it consist of

A
  • beside the aqueous humour and extends from the iris root owards the corneal endothelium
  • consists of rope-like brands of connective tissue, lined by endothelium
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9
Q

Where is the juxtacanlicular connective tissue located

A

between corneoscleral meshwork and schlmm’s canal

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10
Q

What is the juxtacanlicular connective tissue line by

A

endothelial cell

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11
Q

What is the juxtacanlicular connective tissue line by

A

endothelial cell

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12
Q

What is the 360 degree endothelial lined oval canal in the angle of the anterior chamber

A

Schlemm’s canal

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13
Q

What is the function of the giant vacuoles in the schlemm’s canal

A

to pass aqueous into the Schlemm’s canal

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14
Q

What is the Schlemm’s canal linked to

A

approx. 25 collector channels and veins for outflow of aqueous humour

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15
Q

Where does the Sclera spur lie

A

Posterior part of the Schlemm’s canal

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16
Q

What is the function of the Sclera spur

A

Forms an attachment for the ciliary muscles

17
Q

Description of the aqueous humour

A

a transparent colourless fluid that flows from the posterior to anterior chamber that consists mainly of water

18
Q

What is the function of the aqueous humour

A

Provides nutrients and oxygen to avascular corneal endothelium and lens

Removes waste products from cornea and lens

Provides optical transparency

Maintains intraocular pressure (allows eyeball to maintain shape and neurosensory retina to mainta contact with retinal pigment epithelium)

19
Q

How is normal IOP maintained

A

Through a dynamic balance between the rate of aqueous production into the posterior chamber and aqueous drainage from the anterior chamber

20
Q

Where is the aqueous dervied from

A

From the blood plasma within the capillaries of the ciliary processes (non pigmented epithelium cells)

21
Q

What are the three mechanisms of aqueous formation

A

Diffusion

Ultrafiltration

Active transport

22
Q

How does diffusion of aqueous formation take place

A

The movement of substance across a membrane along concentration gradient

As aqueous passes from pc to adm the fluid comes into contact with carious tructures and difussional exchange takes places across the membrane of these structures so taht AC aqueous will resemble plasma

23
Q

How does Ultrafiltration formation take place

A

The process of removing fluid from the blood stream across semipermeable membrane under a pressure gradient

Blood plasma filtres through the capillary wall to the PC due to pressure difference

24
Q

How does active transport take place

A

An energy dependent process that selectrivey moves across a cell membrane

It is done by the Na+/K+ ATPase, an energy dependent active pump system present at the interdigitation ofthe non pigmented epithelial cells of the ciliary body

25
Q

How does the ciliary body produce aqeous humour

A

The ciliary body modifies the metabolites, where they diffuse from the capillaries in the ciliary processes and secrete the product as aqueous humour into the posterior chamber

26
Q

What is the conventional pathway of aqueous drainage (90% of the drainage)

A

Through trabecular meshwork to Schlemm’s canal to Approx. 25 collector channels to aqueous veins to episcleral veins and anterior ciliary veins to mix with blood

27
Q

What is the unconventional pathway of aqueous drainage (10%)

A

Starts from anterior surface of ciliary body to Suprachoroidal space to veortex veins or venous ciruclation into the ciliaty body, choroid and sclera

28
Q

What is the average IOP value and what is the normal range

A

15.5 mmHg
10-21 mmHG

29
Q

Diurnal variation of IOP

A

IOP is not constant throuhgt the day. the variation is less than 5mmHG

30
Q

How is abnormal IOP caused and what could it indicate

A

If the balance between the rate of aqueous production and rate of aqueous drainge is disturbed

may indicate a pathology such as glaucoma

31
Q

What is the viterous humour

A

a transparent gell that fills the spave between the lens and the retina

32
Q

What parts are the vitreous attached to

A

Viterous base (ora serrata)

Posterior lens surface

Paravascular area

Paramacula area

Optic disc

33
Q

What is the purpose of the vitreous humour

A

Is in contact with the retina and keeps the retina in place by pressing against the choroid

34
Q

What is the hyaloid canal

A

A narrow transport canal that runs through the vitreous humour from the optic disc to the lens

35
Q

What is the purpose of the hyaloid canal

A

In the fetus, the hyaloid artery supplies blood to the developing lens

After birth, the canal is to faciliate changes in the volume of the lens

36
Q

What is the age related chagne to the vitreous humour

A

Vitreous undergoes degeneration, develops pockets of fluid and shrinks away from the retina

Ocular anatomy (15 decks)

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