Eye and Ear and Chemoreception Flashcards
Sclera
tough outer layer
Cornea
front of sclera, transparent
light enters the eye and is bent through cornea
Astigmatism
unequal curvature of cornea
Choroid
middle layer
w/ blood vessels to nourish the eye
ciliary body
muscle attached to lens for focusing
Iris
pigmented muscle that controls amount of light entering the eye
Retina
inner layer
Ganglion layer
of retina- forms optic nerve that exits the back of the eye
Optic disc/blind spot
back of eye where no photoreceptors, so no vision
Photoreceptor layer
of retina with rods (peripheral, night vision) and cones (colour, near center)
Fovea centralis
area of most accute vision
Pupil
opening in front of eye where light comes in from
Lens
focuses light on retina
Aqueous humour
maintains cornea shape
Vitreous humour
maintains eyeball shape
Path of light through eye
cornea to pupil to lens to retina to optic nerve to brain (occipital lobe)
Myopia
nearsightedness
elongated eyeball
Hyperopia
farsightedness
shortened eyeball
Colourblindness
when people lack cones for specific colours
Pinna
outside part of ear
auditory canal
tube leading to ear drum
Tympanum
ear drum, sound turn to vibration
ossicles
three bones that amplify vibraion
oval window
when vibrations get concentrated here, pressure changes occur within the inner ear
organ of corti
in the cochlea, generates action potential when hair cells are stimulated
cochlea
seashell shaped thing
auditory nerve
sends signals to temporal lobe
semicircular canals
maintain balance
Eustachean tube
connects to throat
allows air pressure to equalize
the 5 types of taste receptors
sour
sweet
salty
bitter
umami
where does sensory info of smell go to in the brain
olfactory bulb
