Central Nervous System Flashcards
What are the principal structures of the central nervous system?
Brain and spinal cord
What types of nervous tissue compose the central nervous system?
Grey and white matter
What is the primary function of the central nervous system?
Neural integration and processing
What protects the delicate tissues of the spinal cord?
Cerebrospinal fluid and vertebrae
What does the spinal cord provide?
A vital link for communication between the brain and peripheral nervous system
What is the role of the brain?
Center for intelligence, consciousness, and emotion, regulating bodily functions
What surrounds and protects the brain?
The skull and meninges
What are the three layers of the meninges?
- Dura mater-outer
- Arachnoid- middle
- Pia mater- inner
What is the function of cerebrospinal fluid?
Acts as a shock absorber and cushion
What is the blood-brain barrier?
Separation between the blood and the CNS
What allows lipid soluble molecules to enter the CSF?
Diffusion through the cell membrane
Name the three main divisions of the brain.
- Forebrain
- Midbrain
- Hindbrain
What is the largest part of the brain?
Cerebral cortex (cerebrum)
What are the four main lobes of the cerebrum?
- Frontal Lobe
- Parietal Lobe
- Temporal Lobe
- Occipital Lobe
What functions are associated with the frontal lobe?
- Conscious thought
- Intelligence, memory, and personality
- Voluntary muscle movements
What does the parietal lobe process?
- Somatosensory functions
- Touch
- Taste
- Body position awareness
What is the function of the temporal lobe?
Auditory reception (hearing)
What is the function of the occipital lobe?
Processes visual information
What is Broca’s aphasia?
Inability to produce fluent speech but can understand others
What is Wernicke’s aphasia?
Ability to produce fluent speech but cannot understand it
What is the corpus callosum?
A structure that facilitates communication between the two hemispheres
What part of the brain is responsible for regulating heart rate?
Medulla Oblongata
for automatic involuntary responses
Which lobe is used for Intellectual activities and personality.
Frontal Lobe
Which lobe is used for Touch and temperature awareness.
Parietal Lobe
Which lobe is used for Processes visual information.
Occipital Lobe
Which lobe is used for Interpretation of auditory information.
Temporal Lobe
Which part of the brain is likely impaired if a person cannot integrate information from both hemispheres?
Corpus callosum
Fill in the blank: The area of the brain responsible for singing is different than the area for _______.
speech
What type of brain damage can lead to language impairments?
Aphasia
True or False: The ‘Left-Brained’ vs. ‘Right-Brained’ theory is scientifically supported.
False
What is pons
associated w/ sleep and arousal
Midbrain function
relays visual and auditory info b/w hindbrain and forebrain
control of skeletal muscles
eye movement
motor control
Pituitary
hormone release
Hypothallamus
body temp, hunger, heart rate
basic drives and emotions
Olfactory Bulb
processing smells
