Eye And Ear Flashcards
What eye muscles perform extorsion
Inferior oblique
Inferior rectus
What eye muscles perform intorsion
Sup. Oblique
Sup. Rectus
Which muscles depress the eye
Sup. Oblique
Inferior rectus
Which muscles elevate the eye
Inferior oblique
Superior rectus
What Nerve innervates lateral rectus
Abducens
What Nerve innervates superior oblique
Trochlear
What movement would clinically test the function of the Trochlear Nerve
Adduction followed by depression
Superior oblique
Abducens paralysis would present how ?
Unapposed adduction
What Nerve exits the supra orbital foramen to supply the skin of the forehead
Frontal nerve (a branch off ophthalmic)
What artery supplies the eye
Ophthalmic (branches off internal carotid)
Name the 3 layers/tunics of the eye
Fibrous, vascular, nervous
What comprises the vascular tunic
Choroid
Ciliary body
Iris
What seperates the anterior and posterior segments of the eye
Lens
What separates the anterior and posterior chambers of the anterior segment
Iris/Pupil
Briefly describe Glaucoma
Build up of aqueous humor in the eyeball which cannot escape
Briefly describe coloboma
Malformation (missing tissue) of the eye
Usually congenital, May be from trauma
Usually of the iris, lens or retina
What is Hyphema
Build up of blood between the iris and cornea
Trauma induced
What is Ottis Externa
Inflammation/pain/swelling of the external ear
What lubricates the eyeball
Tarsal glands
What is the conjunctiva
Transparent mucous membrane
Cover inner surface of eyelids and anterior eyeball
What produces tears
Lacrimal apparatus
What guides the tears into the lacrimal sac
Lacrimal canaliculi
Describe the pathway of the tears
- Lacrimal Gland
- Canaliculi
- Lacrimal sac
- Nasolacrimal duct
- Inferior nasal meatus
Function of Medial Palpebral Ligament
Orbicularis Oculi attaches here
What sheaths surround optic nerve
Duran and Arachnoid
What is the common tendinous ring
Common attachment site for extrinsic eye muscles
Movement required to clinically test inferior oblique
Adduct then elevate
Movement required to clinically test inferior rectus
Abduct then depress
What movement is required to clinically test the superior rectus
Abduct then elevate
Cause of blurry vision
All rays of light not focused on to the Macula
Name the two muscles that act on the pupil
Dilator pupillae
Sphincter pupillae
What occurs at the ciliary body and lens during distant vision
Cilliary - relaxed
Lens - stretched thin
What occurs at the ciliary body and lens during near vision
Ciliary - contracted
Lens - becomes more spherical
An open-angled glaucoma is caused by what
Blockage of the scleral venous sinus
A closed-angle glaucoma is caused by what
Iris closing off and blocking the drainage angle between iris and lens
How may an ear infection affect the tongue
Infection may lead to compression on the Chorda Tympani Nerve
Leading to loss of sensation to anterior 2/3 of the tongue
What muscles prevent over vibration of the ossicle bones during gradual noise increase
Tensor tympani
Stapedius
