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Responding to Symptoms > Eye and Ear > Flashcards

Eye and Ear Flashcards

0
Q

What are the features of Viral Conjunctivitis?

  • Eyes affected?
  • Discharge?
  • Pain?
  • Distribution of redness?
  • Associated symptoms?
A
  • Eyes affected? Both
  • Discharge? Watery
  • Pain? Gritty feeling
  • Distribution of redness? Generalised
  • Associated symptoms? Cough and cold
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1
Q

What are the features of Bacterial Conjunctivitis?

  • Eyes affected?
  • Discharge?
  • Pain?
  • Distribution of redness?
  • Associated symptoms?
A
  • Eyes affected? Both, but one eye affected a day or so before the other
  • Discharge? Purulent (Pus)
  • Pain? Gritty feeling
  • Distribution of redness? Generalised and diffuse
  • Associated symptoms? Generally none
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2
Q

What are the features of Allergic Conjunctivitis?

  • Eyes affected?
  • Discharge?
  • Pain?
  • Distribution of redness?
  • Associated symptoms?
A
  • Eyes affected? Both
  • Discharge? Watery
  • Pain? Itching
  • Distribution of redness? Generalised but greatest in fornices
  • Associated symptoms? Rhinitis
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3
Q

What are the red flag and referral symptoms of conjunctivitis?

A
  • True eye pain
  • Loss of visual acuity/vision
  • Vomiting
  • Limbal redness only
  • Clouding of cornea
  • Photophobia
  • Foreign body
  • Contact lenses
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4
Q

What are the risks of sub-conjunctival haemorrhages?

A

No risk.

  • Check patient is not on warfarin or aspirin
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5
Q

How do you treat Episcleritis?

A

It is self limiting

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6
Q

What red-eye causes would you refer?

A

Keratitis (corneal trauma)
Uveitis
Glaucoma
Scleritis

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7
Q

What can you for allergic conjunctivitis?

A

Sodium Cromoglycate Eye Drops (mast cell stabiliser)

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8
Q

What can you give for Bacterial Conjunctivitis?

A

Chloramphenicol eye drops or ointment

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9
Q

What can you give for Viral Conjunctivitis?

A

Chloramphenicol eye drops or ointment

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10
Q

What preparations are no longer recommended for conjunctivitis?

A

Brolene and Golden Eye

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11
Q

What are the features of a Stye?

A
  • Unilateral
  • Swollen upper or lower lid
  • Painful to touch
  • Associated conjunctivitis
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12
Q

What are the features of Blepharitis?

A
  • Bilateral
  • Skin irritation, itching and burning
  • Skin flakes around eyelashes
  • Missing lashes
  • Associated conjunctivitis
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13
Q

What OTC treatment would you suggest for Styes and Blepharitis?

A

OTC treatment usually not needed.

- Refer for antibiotics if an infection is suspected

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14
Q

What lifestyle advice would you give to a patient with a stye?

A
  • Topical antibiotics will not speed up healing

- Warm compress 3-4 times a day (to bring the stye to a head)

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15
Q

What lifestyle advice would you give to a patient with blepharitis?

A
  • Improved lid hygiene
  • Warm compress bathing
  • Mild shampoo
16
Q

What are the symptoms of ‘dry eye’?

A
  • Burning, tired, itchy, irritate or gritty eyes
  • Lack of ocular redness
  • Long standing history of symptoms
17
Q

A patient is complaining of itchiness, pain, discharge and deafness regarding their ear. Which part is affected?

A

External ear

18
Q

A patient is complaining of pain, discharge and deafness regarding their ear. Which part is affected?

A

Middle

19
Q

A patient is complaining of deafness, dizziness and tinnitus regarding their ear. Which part is affected?

A

Inner ear

20
Q

What would you suggest for a patient with excessive ear wax?

A

Olive oil if it is being syringed

Cerumol if not

21
Q

What are the referral symptoms for conditions affecting the ear?

A
  • Trauma related deafness
  • Dizziness or tinnitus
  • Foreign body
  • OTC medication failure
  • Pain originating from the middle ear
22
Q

What is otitis externa?

A
  • Generalised inflammation of the ear canal

- Characterised by irritation, pain, discharge and conductive hearing loss

23
Q

What are referral symptoms for otitis externa?

A
  • Ear pain in children (>6years)
  • Generalised inflammation of the pinna-perichondritis
  • Symptoms lasting >7days or longer
  • Impaired hearing in children
  • Mucopurulent discharge
  • Pain on palpation
  • Slow growing growths on the pinna of elderly patients
24
Q

What can you give OTC for otitis externa?

A

Limited

  • Antihistamines
  • Analgesics
  • Choline salicylates (Earex plus or Audax)
  • Acetic acid 2% (for superficial infections of the ear)

Responding to Symptoms (7 decks)

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