Eye Flashcards
palpebrae
eyelid
iris
pigmented layer
pupil
hole
lacrimal caruncle
bead in inner eye
sclera
white part
medial and lateral commisures
where lids come together at ends
palpebral fissure
space between the eyelids
cornea
dome shape on front
lacrimal gland
lateral upper eyeball, squirt tears onto surface
lacrimal ducts
where lacrimal gland secretes from
superior and inferior lacrimal punctum
drains for eyes
circular iris muscle
outer ring, closes/constricts pupil
radial iris muscle
inner ring, opens/dilates pupil
ciliary muscle
inside muscle behind iris, changes shape of lens
fovea centralis
center back of eyeball
macula lutea
spot at back of eye where all light focuses
optic disc
where wires come together, no photoreceptors, become optic nerve outside eyeball
optic nerve goes to
thalamus to occipital lobe
aqueous humor
front fluid behind cornea
vitreous humor
inside eyeball fluid
lens
divides aqueous and vitreous humor
retina
inside layer of nervous tissue
choroid coat
blood vessels surrounding eye
fibrous tunic
sclera and cornea
vascular tunic
choroid coat and muscle tissue
nervous tunic
retina
retina layers
pigmented epithelium
outer segments of rods and cones
nuclei of rods and cones
outer synaptic layer
nuclei of bipolar neurons
inner synaptic layer
ganglion cell layer
visual pathway from retina
optic disc
optic nerve
optic chiasm
optic tract
lateral geniculate nucleus
optic radiations
primary visual cortex
lateral geniculate nucleus
thalamus, ganglion cells synapse with interneurons
cones
color and acquity
rods
low light, grayscale, contrast
in light rods and cones
cones on, rods off
in the dark
rhodopsin inactive, sodium channels open, rod depolarized, bipolar cell inhibited
in the light
rhodopsin active, sodium channels close, rod hyperpolarized, bipolar cell excited
glutamate
neurotransmitter released by rod
cyclic gmp
unlocks sodium channels
rhodopsin made of
retinal and opsin
rhodopsin changes shape
in response to light (isomerization)
