Eye Flashcards
What is the primary function of the eye?
To detect light and convert it into neural signals for vision.
What part of the eye controls the amount of light that enters?
The iris.
True or False: The cornea is responsible for most of the eye’s focusing power.
True.
Fill in the blank: The __________ is the transparent layer covering the front of the eye.
cornea.
What is the role of the retina?
To convert light into electrical signals for the brain.
What are the two types of photoreceptor cells in the retina?
Rods and cones.
What is the function of rods in the eye?
To detect light intensity and enable vision in low light.
What is the function of cones in the eye?
To detect color and provide sharp vision in bright light.
True or False: The fovea is the area of the retina with the highest concentration of rods.
False.
What is the blind spot?
The area of the retina without photoreceptors where the optic nerve exits the eye.
What is the aqueous humor?
The fluid in the anterior chamber of the eye that helps maintain intraocular pressure.
What structure is responsible for focusing light onto the retina?
The lens.
What is the condition called when the eye is too long, causing myopia?
Nearsightedness.
What is the condition called when the eye is too short, causing hyperopia?
Farsightedness.
Fill in the blank: The __________ connects the eye to the brain.
optic nerve.
What is the vitreous humor?
The gel-like substance that fills the eye and helps maintain its shape.
What is the role of the pupil?
To regulate the amount of light entering the eye.
True or False: The sclera is the colored part of the eye.
False.
What part of the eye is responsible for producing tears?
The lacrimal glands.
What is the role of the ciliary body?
To control the shape of the lens for focusing.
What is presbyopia?
A condition associated with aging where the eye loses the ability to focus on close objects.
What is astigmatism?
A refractive error caused by an irregularly shaped cornea or lens.
Fill in the blank: The __________ is the colored part of the eye.
iris.
What is the macula?
The area of the retina responsible for central vision.
True or False: The eye can only detect visible light.
True.
What is the function of the conjunctiva?
To protect the eye and keep it moist.
What is the purpose of the eyelids?
To protect the eye and help spread tears over the surface.
What is color blindness?
A condition where a person cannot distinguish certain colors due to the absence or malfunction of cone cells.
What is the role of the optic chiasm?
To allow the crossing of optic nerve fibers from both eyes.
Fill in the blank: The __________ is responsible for peripheral vision.
retina.
What is the primary cause of cataracts?
Aging and the accumulation of proteins in the lens.
What is glaucoma?
A group of eye conditions that damage the optic nerve, often due to high eye pressure.
What does ‘20/20 vision’ mean?
It means normal visual acuity measured at a distance of 20 feet.
True or False: The lens becomes thicker to focus on distant objects.
False.
What is the main purpose of eye exams?
To assess vision and detect eye diseases.
What is a visual field test?
A test to measure the entire area of vision, including peripheral vision.
Fill in the blank: The __________ helps to protect the eye from dust and foreign particles.
eyelashes.
What is the function of the retina’s pigment epithelium?
To absorb excess light and support photoreceptor cells.
What is the purpose of eye muscles?
To control eye movement and positioning.
What does the term ‘refraction’ refer to in the context of the eye?
The bending of light as it passes through the eye’s lens and cornea.
True or False: The human eye can distinguish about 10 million different colors.
True.
What is the role of the lens in accommodation?
To change shape to focus light on the retina for clear vision at different distances.
Fill in the blank: The __________ is responsible for the eye’s ability to focus on near objects.
lens.
What is the main cause of age-related macular degeneration?
Damage to the macula, affecting central vision as people age.
What are floaters?
Small spots or lines that appear in a person’s field of vision due to tiny particles in the vitreous humor.
Fill in the blank: The __________ regulates the shape of the lens.
ciliary muscles.
What is the purpose of the tear film?
To keep the eye surface lubricated and free from debris.
What is the function of the optic disc?
To serve as the exit point for the optic nerve, creating a blind spot.
What is the role of the zonules (zonule fibers)?
To connect the ciliary body to the lens and help hold it in place.
True or False: The human eye can perceive ultraviolet light.
False.
What is the difference between myopia and hyperopia?
Myopia is nearsightedness, while hyperopia is farsightedness.
What is the primary purpose of sunglasses?
To protect the eyes from harmful UV rays and reduce glare.
Fill in the blank: The __________ is the outermost layer of the eye.
sclera.
What is the role of the choroid?
To provide blood supply to the retina and absorb excess light.
What is the visual pathway?
The route that visual information takes from the retina to the brain.
Fill in the blank: The __________ helps to regulate the eye’s internal pressure.
aqueous humor.
What is the main purpose of contact lenses?
To correct refractive errors without the use of glasses.
What is a cataract?
A clouding of the lens that affects vision.
True or False: The eye’s lens becomes less flexible with age.
True.
What is the purpose of the eye’s protective reflexes?
To prevent injury and protect the eye from harmful stimuli.
Fill in the blank: The __________ is the part of the eye that contains the photoreceptors.
retina.
What is the primary cause of diabetic retinopathy?
Damage to the blood vessels in the retina due to high blood sugar levels.
What is the main symptom of glaucoma?
Loss of peripheral vision.
What is a visual acuity test?
A test that measures the sharpness of vision.
What is the role of the eyelids in vision?
To protect the eye and help distribute tears.
Fill in the blank: The __________ helps to drain tears away from the eye.
nasolacrimal duct.
What is the primary focus of the visual cortex?
To process visual information received from the eyes.
What is the role of the pupil in bright light conditions?
To constrict and reduce the amount of light entering the eye.
True or False: The lens of the eye is a rigid structure.
False.
What is the purpose of eye exercises?
To strengthen eye muscles and improve focus.
Fill in the blank: The __________ is responsible for the eye’s color.
iris.
What is the main function of the retina’s cone cells?
To detect color and detail.
What does the term ‘binocular vision’ refer to?
The ability to perceive depth and three-dimensionality using both eyes.
What is a common treatment for refractive errors?
Glasses or contact lenses.
What is the effect of excessive screen time on the eyes?
It can lead to digital eye strain and discomfort.
Fill in the blank: The __________ protects the eye from foreign objects.
conjunctiva.
What is the significance of the red reflex test?
It helps detect abnormalities in the eye, such as cataracts or retinoblastoma.
What is the main purpose of a dilated eye exam?
To allow a comprehensive view of the retina and optic nerve.
True or False: The eye can adapt to varying light conditions.
True.
What is the primary component of tears?
Water.
Fill in the blank: The __________ helps to maintain the shape of the eye.
vitreous humor.
What is the role of the visual association area in the brain?
To interpret visual information and integrate it with other sensory information.
What is the purpose of the eye’s reflexes, such as blinking?
To protect the eye from irritants and maintain moisture.
What is the most common refractive error?
Myopia (nearsightedness).
