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Special senses > Eye > Flashcards

Eye Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 5 special senses?

A
  1. Skin
  2. Nose
  3. Ear
  4. Eye
  5. Tongue
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2
Q

What is vision?

A

The perception of objects

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3
Q

What are the accessory structures of the eye and why are they important?

A

Eyelids - share the eyes during sleep, protect excessive light and agaisnt foreign bodies
Eyelashes - shield the eye from debris and produce the blink reflex
Eyebrows - prevent sweat or liquids getting in the eye

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4
Q

What is the lacrimal apparatus?

A

Tear system

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5
Q

What are the functions of tears?

A

Reduce friction
Remove debris
Prevent bacterial infection
Provide nutrients and oxygen

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6
Q

What does the lacrimal apparatus consist of?

A
  1. The lacrimal gland
  2. Lacrimal canaliculi
  3. Lacrimal sac
  4. Nasolacrimal duct
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7
Q

Draw and label the eye

A
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8
Q

What are the 3 layers of the eye?

A

Fibrous tunic
Vascular tunic
Neural tunic

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9
Q

What is the fibrous tunic?

A

Outer layer of the eye
Consists of the sclere and cornea
Provides support and protection
Starts to focus light
Most of the surface is covered by sclera

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10
Q

What is the vasular tunic?

A

Middle layer of the eye
Consists or the iris, ciliary body and choroid
Contains blood vessels, lymph vessels and smooth mucles
Provides structure for blood and lymph
Regulates the amount of light that enters the eye
Controls shape and length

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11
Q

What is the iris?

A

Regulates the amount of light entering the eye by adjusting the central opening
Muscles are controlled by ANS

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12
Q

What is the neural tunic?

A

Innermost layer of the and is the retina

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13
Q

What are the 2 photoreceptors?

A

Rods
Cones

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14
Q

Where are photoreceptors found?

A

Retina

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15
Q

What are rods?

A

Pick up black, white and grey
Enable us to see at low light
Responsible for perception of movement on the periphery

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16
Q

What are cones?

A

Provide colour and give sharper, clearer images
Provide spatial resolution and colour perception

17
Q

What are the 3 types of cones? What do they do?

A

Red
Blue
Green
Colour discrimination is based on the integration of information recieved by these cones

18
Q

What is the optic chism?

A

The point where the nerve from the right and left eye merge

19
Q

What is the blind spot?

A

At the back of the eye where there are no rods or cones

20
Q

How do they eyes work?

A

Light goes through the cornea which is domed shaped to help focus the light
It goes through the pupil to the lens
The lens focuses the light more so it hits where it needs to on the retina
The retina has rods and cones
They turn information into nurse impulses which are sent to the brain

21
Q

Why are people short-sighted?

A

Focus of image falls short of the retina

22
Q

Why are people long-sighted?

A

The image is focused behind the retina

23
Q

Watch https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eySkNWTI03Q

A

Special senses (5 decks)

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