EXW 102 (Unit Spacific) First Aid

Question 1

Purpose of first aid

Answer 1

Save lives
Prevent further injury
Prevent infection

Question 2

Two types of fractures?

Answer 2

Open Fracture: Bone has punctured the skin

Closed Fracture: break is inside the skin

Question 3

What are the three types of bleeding

Answer 3

Arterial - bright red
Venous - dark red
Capillary - slow even flow

Question 4

What are the four treatments for bleeding?

Answer 4

Direct pressure
Elevation
Pressure point
Tourniquet

Question 5

What are the two types of chest injury?

Answer 5

Open - (Sucking chest wound) Seal wound closed with a chest seal or clean piece of plastic and lay victim wound-side down.

Closed - 2 or more broken ribs makes a free floating segment.

Question 6

What is shock?

Answer 6

Failure of heart and vessels to maintain blood flow throughout the body

Question 7

What are the 5 types of shock

Answer 7

• Hypovolemic: loss of too much blood, 20% or more
• Neurogenic: slow heart rate and low blood pressure
• Cardiogenic: heart can’t pump enough to meet bodies needs
• Septic: Infection in bloodstream
• Anaphylactic: Allergic reaction.

Question 8

What is treatment for shock?

Answer 8

Elevate legs

Keep warm

Question 9

What are three types of burns?

Answer 9

1st - redness
2nd - blisters, pain
3rd - black or white, dead nerves

Question 10

What are two cold injuries?

Answer 10

Hypothermia

Frostbite

Question 11

What are three heat injuries

Answer 11

Heat stroke
Heat exhaustion
Heat cramps

Question 12

What is the difference between heat stroke and exhaustion

Answer 12

Stroke: skin is dry
Exhaustion: sweaty moist skin

Question 13

What are 5 methods for transporting a victim?

Answer 13

Stokes 
Firemans carry
4 hand seat carry
Blanket drag
Pack strap

Question 14

ABCs of first aid?

Answer 14

Circulation
Airway
Breathing