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Extremities Part 4 (Upper Skeletal Features) Flashcards

upper extremity - skeletal features

1
Q

What two bones make up the pectoral girdle?

A

Clavicle
scapula

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2
Q

What is the medial end of the clavicle?

A

Sternal end (extremity)

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3
Q

What is the lateral end of the clavicle?

A

Acromial end (extremity)

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4
Q

What is the vernacular for “scapula”?

A

Shoulder blade

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5
Q

What is the ridge of bone of the posterior side of the scapula?

A

Spine of the scapula

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5
Q

What bone prominence of the scapula can be palpated on the lateral side?

A

Acromion

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6
Q

What is the overall shape of the scapula?

A

Triangular

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7
Q

The scapula is a flat bone. What are its three edges?

A

Superior border
Medial border
Lateral border

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8
Q

What are the three meeting points of the edges of the scapula?

A

Superior angle
Inferior angle
Lateral angle

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9
Q

With what part of the scapula does the humerus articulate?

A

Glenoid cavity

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10
Q

What bony process lies superior to the scapula’s articulation with the humerus and servers as the origin for the long head of the biceps brachii?

A

Supraglenoid tubercle

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11
Q

What bony process lies inferior to the scapula’s articulation with the humerus and serves as the origin for the long head of the triceps brachii?

A

Infraglenoid tubercle

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12
Q

What is the broad, relatively smooth anterior depression of the scapula?

A

Subscapular fossa

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13
Q

What is the depression superior to the spine of the scapula?

A

Supraspinous fossa

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14
Q

What is the depression inferior to the spine of the scapula?

A

Infraspinous fossa

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15
Q

What is the anterior process that has the form of a crow’s beak on the scapula?

A

Coracoid process

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16
Q

What is the only bone of the brachium?

A

Humerus

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17
Q

What part of the humerus articulates with the scapula?

A

Head

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18
Q

What bony prominence of the humerus lies proximally and laterally?

A

Greater tubercle

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19
Q

What bony prominence of the humerus lies proximally and anteriorly

A

Lesser tubercle

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20
Q

Through what feature of the humerus does the tendon of the long head of the biceps brachii run?

A

Intertubercular (bicipital) groove (sulcus)

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21
Q

What feature of the humerus is the location of the epiphyseal plate or line?

A

Anatomical neck

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22
Q

What feature of the humerus lies in the proximal region where the bone begins to narrow?

A

Surgical neck

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23
Q

What are two terms for the long, central region of the scapula or any other long bone?

A

Shaft or diaphysis

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24
Q

What rough prominence lies on the lateral side of the middle portion of the humerus?

A

Deltoid tuberosity

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25
Q

What are distal, easily palpated bony projections of the humerus?

A

Epicondyles

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26
Q

What feature of the humerus articulates with the head of the radius?

A

Capitulum

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27
Q

What feature of the humerus articulates with the ulna?

A

Trochlea

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28
Q

What is the distal, lateral depression on the anterior side of the humerus?

A

Radial fossa

29
Q

What is the distal, medial depression on the anterior side of the humerus?

A

Coronoid fossa

30
Q

What is the distal depression on the posterior side of the humerus?

A

Olecranon fossa

31
Q

What are the prominent, rough distal, lateral and medial margins of the humerus proximal to the epicondyles?

A

Supracondylar ridges

32
Q

From lateral to medial, what are the two bones of the forearm?

A

Radius (lateral)
Ulna (medial)

33
Q

What is the relation of the radius and ulna in the anatomical postion?

34
Q

Which of the two bones of the forearm moves during pronation?

A

Crossed (the radius rotates around the ulna)

35
Q

What portion of the radius articulates with the humerus?

36
Q

What narrow region of the radius lies just distal to the articulation with the humerus?

37
Q

On what prominence of the radius does the biceps brachii insert?

A

Radial tuberosity

38
Q

What bony projection of the radius can be palpated on the distal, lateral side of the forearm?

A

Styloid process

39
Q

What distal feature of the radius articulates with the ulna?

A

Ulnar notch

40
Q

What feature of the ulna articulates with the humerus?

A

Trochlear notch

41
Q

What prominent projection of the ulna forms the posterior “bump” of the elbow?

42
Q

What prominence of the ulna forms the inferior lip of the trochlear notch?

A

Coronoid process

43
Q

What feature of the ulna forms a part of the proximal radioulnar joint?

A

Radial notch

44
Q

What feature of the ulna appears as a bump on the distal, medial side of the forearm?

45
Q

What feature of the ulna can be palpated on the distal, medial side of the forearm?

A

Styloid process

46
Q

What sheet of dense regular connective tissue lies between the radius and ulna?

A

Interosseous membrane

47
Q

What is the collective name of the eight small bones of the wrist?

47
Q

From lateral to medial, what bones form the proximal row of carpals?

A

Scaphoid
Lunate
Triquetrum (triquetral)
Pisiform

48
Q

From lateral to medial, what bones form the distal row of carpals?

A

Trapezium
trapezoid
capitate
hamate

49
Q

What long bones support the palm of the hand?

A

Metacarpals

50
Q

How are the bones in the palm of the hand numbered?

A

From lateral to medial 1-5

51
Q

What are the bones in the digits?

52
Q

How many bones are in the thumb?

53
Q

What bone in the thumb articulates with the first metacarpal?

A

Proximal phalanx

54
Q

What bone in the thumb lies within the segment of that digit with the nail?

A

Distal phalanx

55
Q

Digits II through V each have three bones. How are they designated?

A

Proximal phalanx
Middle phalanx
Distal phalanx

56
Q

What is the difference between the digits and the phalanges?

A

Digits are fingers and toes (skeletal elements and soft tissue)
Phalanges are the skeletal elements

57
Q

What saddle joint is the only articulation between the pectoral girdle and the axial skeleton?

A

Sternoclavicular joint

58
Q

What is the name of the articulation between the clavicle and the scapula?

A

Acromioclavicular joint

59
Q

What is the most unstable join of the body?

A

Glenohumeral (shoulder) joint

60
Q

What three joints occur at what is commonly called the elbow?

A

Humeroulnar joint
humeroradial joint
proximal radioulnar joint

61
Q

Which of the two bones of the forearm is involved in the articulation with the carpals?

62
Q

Of the eight carpals, which are involved in the articulation with the forearm?

A

Scaphoid
Lunate
Triquetrum

63
Q

What articulations occur between the carpals?

A

Intercarpal articulations

63
Q

What joints lie between the carpals and metacarpals?

A

Carpometacarpal joints

64
Q

What joints. lie between the metacarpals and the palanges?

A

Metacarpophalangeal joints

65
Q

What joints lie between the proximal phalanx and the middle phalanx of digits 2-5?

A

Proximal interphalangeal (PIP) joints

66
Q

What joints lie between the middle phalanx and the distal phalanx of digits 2-5?

A

Distal interphalangeal (DIP) joints

67
Q

What joint lies between the phalanges of the first digit?

A

Interphalangeal joint

anat unit4 (6 decks)

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