Extremities Part 3 (Lower Circulation & Nerves)

Question 1

The bifurcations of the abdominal aorta themselves bifurcate into what two arteries?

Answer 1

Internal iliac arteries
External iliac arteries

Question 2

How does the blood flow in the upper limb mirror that of the lower limb?

Answer 2

-one main arterial vessel.
-that artery bifurcates at elbow or knee.
-arterial and venous arches occur in the hand and foot.
-both had superficial and deep networks of veins

Question 3

What blood vessel is the main arterial supply of the lower extremity?

Answer 3

External iliac artery

Question 4

What structure marks the superior border of the femoral artery?

Answer 4

Inguinal ligament

Question 5

What are the borders of the femoral triangle?

Answer 5

Inguinal ligament
Sartorius
Adductor longus

Question 6

What makes up the floor of the femoral triangle?

Answer 6

Iliopsoas and pectineus

Question 7

What artery supplies the hip joint and the posterior structures of the thigh?

Answer 7

Deep femoral artery

Question 8

What is the inferior border fo the femoral artery?

Answer 8

The hiatus of the adductor magnus

Question 9

What major artery lies posterior to the knee?

Answer 9

Popliteal artery

Question 10

The popliteal artery bifurcates into what two arteries?

Answer 10

Anterior and posterior tibial arteries

Question 11

What artery supplies the anterior compartment of the leg?

Answer 11

Anterior tibial artery

Question 12

What artery supplies the posterior compartment of the leg?

Answer 12

Posterior tibial artery

Question 13

What artery supplies the lateral compartment of the leg?

Answer 13

Fibular artery

Question 14

Of the three arteries supplying the compartments of the leg, which can be palpated for a pulse? Where can it be palpated?

Answer 14

Posterior tibial artery
-posterior to the medial malleolus

Question 15

What artery can be palpated on the dorsum of the foot just lateral to the first metatarsal?

Answer 15

Dorsalis pedis artery
(dorsal pedal artery)

Question 16

What superficial vein originates on the medial side of the ankle and extends from there along the medial surface of the lower extremity to the femoral triangle where it drains into the femoral vein?

Answer 16

Great saphenous vein

Question 17

What superficial vein extends from the lateral ankle to the popliteal region where it drains into the popliteal vein?

Answer 17

Small saphenous vein

Question 18

What deep veins of the leg run parallel to the main arteries in this region?

Answer 18

Anterior tibial veins
Posterior tibial veins
fibular veins

Question 19

The anterior tibial vein and the posterior tibial vein converge to form what vein?

Answer 19

Popliteal vein

Question 20

What is the proximal border of the popliteal vein?

Answer 20

The hiatus of the adductor magnus

Question 21

What vein extends from the hiatus of the adductor magnus to the inguinal ligament?

Answer 21

Femoral vein

Question 22

What vein extends from the inguinal ligament to the merger of the vein with the internal iliac vein?

Answer 22

External iliac vein

Question 23

What vein is formed by the convergence of the external and internal iliac veins?

Answer 23

Common iliac vein

Question 24

The lumbar plexus arises from the anterior rami of what spinal nerves?

Answer 24

L1-L4

Question 25

What is the main nerve of the posterior division of the lumbar plexus?

Answer 25

Femoral nerve

Question 26

What is the motor innervation of the femoral nerve?

Answer 26

Anterior thigh muscles

Question 27

What is the cutaneous innervation of the femoral nerve?

Answer 27

Anterior and inferomedial thigh medial aspect of the leg

Question 28

What is the main nerve of the anterior division of the lumbar plexus?

Answer 28

Obturator nerve

Question 29

What is the motor innervation of the obturator nerve?

Answer 29

Medial thigh muscles

Question 30

What is the cutaneous innervation of the obturator nerve?

Answer 30

Superomedial skin of the thigh

Question 31

What other regions of the body do small branches of the lumbar plexus innervate?

Answer 31

Abdominal wall The scrotum and the labia Interior portions of the abdominal muscles

Question 32

The anterior rami of what spinal nerves form the sacral plexus?

Answer 32

L4-S4

Question 33

Nerves emerging from the sacral plexus innervate what portions of the body?

Answer 33

Gluteal region pelvis perineum posterior thigh almost all of the leg and foot

Question 34

What are the two main divisions of the sacral plexus?

Answer 34

Anterior Posterior

Question 35

Nerves of the sacral plexus arising from the anterior division tend to innervate what muscles?

Answer 35

Muscles that flex (or plantar flex) parts of the lower limb

Question 36

Nerves of the sacral plexus arising from the posterior division tend to innervate what muscles?

Answer 36

Muscles that extends (or dorsiflex) part of the lower limb

Question 37

What is the largest and longest nerve in the body?

Answer 37

Sciatic nerve

Question 38

What nerve is formed from the anterior divisions of the sciatic nerve?

Answer 38

Tibial nerve

Question 39

What division of what nerve innervates the hamstrings?

Answer 39

Tibial division of the sciatic nerve

Question 40

Within the leg what nerve innervates the plantar flexos of the foot and the flexors of the toes?

Answer 40

Tibial nerve

Question 41

What is the cutaneous innervations of the tibial nerve?

Answer 41

Plantar surface of the foot

Question 42

What nerve is formed from the posterior division of the sciatic nerve?

Answer 42

Common fibular nerve

Question 43

What division of what nerve innervates the short head of the biceps femoris?

Answer 43

Common fibular division of the sciatic nerve

Question 44

What are the two main divisions of the common fibular nerve?

Answer 44

Deep fibular nerve Superficial fibular nerve

Question 45

What is the motor innervation of the deep fibular nerve?

Answer 45

Anterior leg muscles Muscles of the dorsum of the foot

Question 46

What is the cutaneous innervation of the deep fibular nerve?

Answer 46

Skin between the first and second toes on the dorsum of the foot

Question 47

What is the motor innervation of the superficial fibular nerve?

Answer 47

Muscles of the lateral compartment

Question 48

What is the cutaneous innervation of the superficial fibular nerve?

Answer 48

Anteroinferior part of the leg Most of the dorsum of the foot