Extremities Exam Flashcards
Identify the following nerves + the cords they originate from. Which nerve is vulnerable to a mid shaft fracture?
A. Musculocutaneous nerve - lateral cord
B. Radial nerve - posterior cord (at risk for mid shaft fracture)
C. Axillary artery
D. Median nerve - lateral cord
E. Ulnar nerve - medial cord
Identify the following. What is the muscle group, peripheral innervation and function?
A. Abductor pollicis brevis
B. Flexor pollicis brevis
C. Opponens pollicis
Thenar - supplied by median nerve
Allows us to oppose thumbs
Identify the muscle. What is the peripheral innervation and function?
Deltoid muscle
axillary nerve
abduct arm
ID the structures. What is the peripheral innervation of this skin and common name of the region?
Radial nerve
A. Extensor pollicis brevis + abductor pollicis longus
B. Extensor pollicis longus
C. anatomic snuff box
If there is a laceration to the fingers, where would place local anesthesia and why?
laterally + medially at base of the digit
the digital nerves are on both sides of the finger
ID the muscles. What is there peripheral innervation and what is its function?
A. Short head of bicep
B. Long head of bicep
C. brachialis
Flexes the elbow
Innervated by musculocutaneous
ID the structures. What is the function of C?
A. thenar muscles
B. Median nerve
C. Ulnar Nerve
D. Ulnar artery
E. Radial artery
nerve for the 4th and 5th fingers (palmar and doral sides)
What is the complication of an IM injection in the deltoid?
injection into the joint capsule
What is the vein that is most ideal for a PCC line?
basilic vein bc large and superficial
ID the muscles. These 3 + what muscle forms the rotator cuff?
A. Supraspinatus
B. infraspinatus
C. teres minor
+ Subscapilaris (anterior of scapula) = rotator cuff
What is the function of the trapezius and the latissimus dorsi?
trapezius - shrugging
lats - extends shoulder
What does the supraspinatous do?
abducts shoulder
What does the subscapularis do?
medially rotates shoulder
Name the structure where the head of the humerus resides, and what kind of joint is it?
glenoid fossa - ball and socket
What is the name of the structure where the trochlea (distal end of humerus) resides in the ulna? What kind of joint is it?
trochlear notch (olecranon process is proximal, coronoid process distal)
hinge joint
Give an example of a saddle joint
carpometacarpal joint of thumb
Describe the branching of the subclavian artery
subclavian to axillary at armpit
axillary to brachial at teres major
brachial becomes:
- ulnar - pinky side of arm
- radial - thumb side of arm
radial + ulnar anastomose at palm = palmar arterial arches
- digital arteries branch off
Describe the venous drainage of the arm. What structure is ideal for a typical blood draw?
Dorsal venus branch (similar to palmar arterial branch)
cephalic vein - radial side/lateral arm
basilic vein - ulnar side/medial arm
these are the superficial veins of the UE
CV + BV anastomose at median cubital vein: ideal for blood draw
What are the musculocutaneous nerve’s muscle targets?
biceps + brachioradialis
What are the axillary nerve’s muscle targets?
deltoid + teres minor
What are the supra scapular nerve’s muscle target?
supraspinatus and infraspinatus
What are the radial nerve’s muscle targets?
posterior arm + posterior forearm
What are the median nerve’s muscle targets?
anterior forearm + hand
- flexors of the hand and wrist
- thenar muscles
Identify the following muscles
A. long head of bicep
B. Short head of bicep
C. brachialis
D. brachioradialis
