Extremities Flashcards
Identify
A: Distal interphalangeal
B: Proximal interphalangeal
C: Metocarpophalangeal
D: Intercarpals
E: Distal ulnar
F: Interphalangeal
G: Metacarpophalangeal
H: Carpometacarpals
I: Radiocarpal
Identify
A: Triquetrum
B: Lunate
C: Ulna
D: Scaphoid
E: Articular disk/radiocarpal joint
F: Radius
Identify
A: Triquetrum
B: Hook of hamate
C: Pisiform
D: Flexor retinaculum
E: Median nerve
F: Carpal sulcus (concave aspect of bones)
G: Tubercle of trapezium
H: Trapezoid
I: Capitate
Identify
A: Humerus
B: Capitulum
C: Humeroradila joint
D: Radial head
E: Radius
F: Ulna
G: Proximal radioulnar joint
H: Coronoid process
I: Humeroulnar joint
J: Trochlea
Identify
A: Humerus
B: Humeroradial joint
C: Radial head
D: radius
E: Ulna
F: Proximal radioulnar joint
Identify
A: Acromioclavicular joint
B: Scapulohumeral joint
C: Sternoclavicular joint
Identify
A: Deltoid M
B: Subcaracoid bursa
C: Tendon of long head of biceps m
D: Humerus
E & F: Articular capsule (lower aspect of)
G: Glenoid labrum
H: Supraspinatus m
i: Subacromial bursa
J: Acromion
Name the way of curve (concave or convex anteriorly or posteriorly) and name the type of curve (lordotic or kyphotic)
A: convex anteriorly
B: Concave anteriorly
C: convex anteriorly
D: Concave anteriorly
E: Lordotic
F: Kyphotic
G: Lordotic
H: Kyphotic
A: soft palate
B: pharyngeal tonsil
C: Nasopharynx
D: uvula
E: oropharynx
F: epiglottis
G: Vocal cords
H: larynx
I: Hard palate
J: Hyoid bone
K: Laryngeal pharynx
L: Trachea
M: thyroid cartilage
N: esophagus
A scaphoid procedure is sometimes known as…
A navicular series
Is ulnar deviation flexion or extension?
Flexion
Where does the CR go for the Ulnar deviation?
slightly proximal to thumb base
What does the ulnar deviation show in the radiograph?
the scaphoid with adjacent articulations
What is another name for the PA axial scaphoid?
stecher method
In the stetcher or PA axial wrist (scaphoid) method what is angled and how many degrees?
the IR is angled at 20 degrees with the figertips up
For the stecher method, how is the CR?
perpendicular
What is the main evaluation criteria for the stecher method?
that the scaphoid is w/out superimposition
What is the positioning and CR position for the stecher method variation?
the IR is horizontal and the CR is at a 20 degree angle
How many images are in the scaphoid series?
usually 4
The tangential carpal canal is also known as…
the Gaynor-Hart method (gain-her-heart) ;-)
What is the position of the wrist for the gaynor-hart method?
the wrist is hyperextended to 75 degrees (15 degrees from vertical if possible)
What if you cannot get the wrist hyperextended enough?
then you can modify the exam and angle the CR 15 degrees more than the metacarpals
Describe the distal humerus position and where the CR enters.
the arm is AP with the elbow partially flexed. The humerus is horizontal on the IR with the forearm supported. The CR is perpendicular through the elbow joint
Describe the proximal forearm position and CR entrance.
The arm is AP with the elbow partially flexed and the forearm is on the IR. The CR is going right into the elbow.
How is the arm positioned fo rthe distal humerus for the olecranon process?
the patient is seated and the elbow is fully flexed (unless contraindicated)
For the distal humerus olecranon process, where does the CR enter and at what angle?
the CR is perpendicular and enter about 2” superior to the olecranon process
What is seen on the olecranon process image?
the olecranon process and distal humerus
What is the olecranon process image sometimes ordered as?
a Jones
What is another name for the shoulder/proximal humerus transthoracic lateral?
Lawrence method
What is the transthoracic lateral shoulder/proximal humerus (Lawrence method) somewhat similar to
the swimmer’s technique for a lateral C-T spine
When would you do a transthoracic lateral shoulder/proximal humerus (Lawrence method)?
when there is trauma to the area and the arm may be immobilized
What is the position of the patient for the shoulder/proximal humerus transthoracic lateral (Lawrence method)?
standing, seated, or recumbent
What is the size of the IR for the transthoracic (Lawrence method) and where is the CR centered?
10x12 LW and the CR is centered to the surgical neck of the affeccted arm
What are the breathing instructions for the Lawrence method?
exposure is made when breathing is suspended after full inhalation or a breathing technique may be used if equipment permits (3-5 sec exposure time)
What is seen in the Lawrence method for the transthoracic shoulder/proximal humerus?
the proximal humerus, scapula, and clavicle
What position is the pt in for the inferosuperior axial shoulder position?
supine
What is the angle of the CR for the inferosuperior axial shoulder?
15-30 degrees toward the body
What is the west point method?
the inferosuperior axial shoulder when the pt is prone
What is the position of the affected arm during the west point method?
dangling over the table
For the superioinferior axial shoulder how is the patient postioned?
either seated or recumbent with arm (humerus) abducted
For the superoinferior axial shoulder how is the IR and CR centered?
tot he shoulder joint with the CR angles 5-15 degrees laterally (depending on how well the pt extends sholder over IR.)
Thoracolumbar Spine is done for what dx?
Scoliosis
Why is PA recommended for the Thoracolumbar spine?
for less radiation exposure to radiosensitive organs. A lateral may also be included
What image is stitching used?
the thoracolumbar spine for scoliosis
In the thoracolumbar spine, the iliac crests are usually included for…
spine angle measurements
Spine-R/L bending is sometimes confused with on order for what?
lateral bending and the spine-lateral hyperflexion/hyperextension images
What image can be done AP or PA as well as weight bearing or non weight bearing? (spine)
Spine-R/L bending
the soft tissue neck can be done….
lateral only or AP and lateral
what is the angle of the CR and entrance point for the soft tissue neck?
the CR is perpendicular and enters at the level of the manubrium
What are the breathing instructions for the soft tissue neck?
inhale slowly during the exposure.
Is the exposure time for the soft tissue neck long?
Not necessarily. A long exposure time is NOT required.
Name this position
Ulnar deviation
Name this position
PA Axial (scaphoid) stecher method
What is this?
Carpal bridge
What is this?
Tangential carpal canal or Gaynor-Hart method
Name this
Lawrence method of transthoracic lateral shoulder/proximal humerus
Name this
Inferorsuperior axial shoulder (west point method)
Name this
Superoinferior axial shoulder
what is this?
soft tissue neck
