Extravasation/Antidotes Flashcards
Antidote for vincristine extravasation?
Hyaluronidase
Also, use warm packs to treat vinca alkaloid extravasation. Cold works for most of the others, but for any starting with ‘Vin’, cold causes ulcers. So don’t even Vinc about ice packs!
What is the antidote for epinephrine injection?
Phentolamine
Antidote to doxorubicin extravasation?
Dexrazoxane
Phenol
Found in? Treatment?
Cleaning agents, cosmetics, plastics, explosives
Do not use water
Oils on skin to remove (cover with oil): glycerol, polyethylene glycol
What is the usual first treatment for chemical burns?
Remove the patient from the source, remove clothing from patient
Copious and continuous water irrigation
1-2 hours for acids
Longer for alkali
Exception: phenol (not water soluble)
HFl (hydrofluoric acid)
Found in?
Treatment?
Rust removers
Water lavage
Subdermal injections of 10% calcium gluconate
Cement burn (Lyes)?
What type of burn? How presents? Treatment?
Alkali (lime (calcium oxide))
Manifests late (no immediate pain, becomes deep, slowly healing wound)
Water lavage
White Phosphorus
How treated?
Water lavage, surgical removal of particles
HCl (hydrochloric acid)
Found in?
Treatment?
Pool cleaners
Water lavage, magnesium oxides, soaps
Muriatic Acid
Found in? Treatment?
Toilet bowl cleaners
Water lavage
Sodium Hypochlorite
Found in? Treatment?
Bleach
Water lavage
Chromic acid
Treatment?
Sodium hypochlorite buffered phosphate solution
Sulfuric acid
Treatment?
Copper
Appropriate treatment for bleomycin extravasation?
Stop infusion
Remove as much as possible through cannula
Observe
Phosphoric Acid Antidote?
0.5% copper sulfate topical
