Extras- AN, PHARM, WILDLIFE, FISH Flashcards
bigger tank area? and airpump?
more 02!! therefore less ammonia.
fish. sample of water 500 mls. salinity, ph, temp, chlorine, chloramines, na compounds. where from? etc?
eurythermic - wide range
stenothermic- narrow. (species) high temp = less dissolved 02. - toxic and ammonia.
high ph - high ammonia
low ph - chlorine from tap?
chlorine is toxic - instable so gone in 24 hours. chloramine - stable - need to add compounds to filter in order to remove. (low ph)?
n2 - metabolic waste prods. ammonia - prim protein catabolism. excreted via gills and kidneys. bacteria use it - need 02. bio filters.
high levels due to overcrowded or excess food or plants. nitrite to nitrate.
3 types of filters. bio, chem, mech. care with what?
abs and bio. nitrifying bacteria.
chem - remove carbon (cl) and uv and ozone,
mech - debris. need to rinse.
how much water should you bring your fish in in? and how?
1L per cm of fish.
double bag and wrap in opaque. history and assess in envronment.
may sedate for samples. ask history q’s
clin exam? rr how? dx samples?
posture operculum movement. gross lesions. sedate for more.
dx - skin scrapes and biop fins etc. impression smears. gill biop.
how to GA? monitor? reflexes?
MS222 AND HCO3. buffer.
lose equilibrium - remove. operculum rat ereduced too. if need more them use half conc and syringe into mouth and through gills. aerated water - o2 tube.
squeeze tail - monitor. loss of righting reflex. ataxia.
behavior?
measure?
clin exam?
behavoir - scoaling, ilosated, erratic, low response to stimuli - ammonia? food rr and posture to measure. eyes? fin.skin? ascites? cutneous oedema? - pine cone disease?
velvet disease? caused by? cx?
tx?
glimmer ans shine. flagellate (pillulare)
discomfort and reduced feeding.
salt bath.
white spot/ich? caused by?
cx?
tx?
ciliate? multifuliis?
white spots as penetrates skin,
formali, malachite green and salt. need 3 tx’s every other day. (7d)
mycobacterium? cx?
dx?
tx?
m.marinum. fartuitum, non healing ulcers and granulomas. emaiated and anorexic.
pcr, zn(red) culture. cull!
columnaris disease? also called? caused by?
cx?
tx?
saddle back, cotton woll, gram neg,
flavibacterium.
erosive and necrotic erosions (white plaque and red around)
systemis, high nitrites and low 02 risks.
control water temp and add oxytet
saprolegnia? cause? cx?
tx?
water mould. wounds.stress or lowered temp - predispose.
invades epidermis. white cotton wool appearance.
malachite green tx.
herpes. trans by? dx? cx? tx?
gold fish. kio herpes. trans by water faeces and directly.
pale and swollen gills.
histo and pcr. cull
white plaques on goldfish
euth? how? pith when?
AN overdose. 10 mins in bath after stop breathing - pith to destruct cns. or give larger inj.
how to give drugs?
food/lavage?
dips/baths
inj - i/p or i/m
