Extras

Question 1

APGAR

Answer 1

Question 2

Tetralogy of Fallot

Answer 2

Congenital heart defect
Affects 1:2,518
-Large VSD
-Pulmonary stenosis
-Right ventricular hypertrophy
-Overriding aorta

Question 3

Pediatric Assessment Triangle

Answer 3

Appearance
Work of breathing
Circulation

Question 4

TORCH infections

Answer 4

Toxoplasmosis
Other (Hep B, syphilis, etc.)
Rubella (German measles)
Cytomegalovirus (Herpes strain)
Herpes simplex

Question 5

Signs of respiratory distress

Answer 5

Increased rate or effort

Abnormal/diminished sounds

Decreased ETCO2

Normal/slightly decreased O2

Tachycardia

Anxious/normal mental status

Question 6

Signs of respiratory failure

Answer 6

Low O2
Rising ETCO2
Decreased LOC
Extreme tachycardia or drop in heart rate

Question 7

Respiratory arrest

Answer 7

Absence of breathing or agonal
Bradycardia leading to arrest
Unresponsiveness

Question 8

Silverman-Anderson Index (Grade 0)

Answer 8

Chest/abdominal: synchronized
Intercostal: no retraction
Xiphoid: no retraction
Nares: no dilation
Expiratory: no grunting

Question 9

Silverman-Anderson Index (Grade 1)

Answer 9

Chest/abdominal: inspiratory lag
Intercostal: retraction visible
Xiphoid: retraction visible
Nares: minimal dilation
Expiratory: grunting heard through stethoscope

Question 10

Silverman-Anderson Index (Grade 2)

Answer 10

Chest/abdominal: seesaw
Intercostal: marked retraction
Xiphoid: marked retraction
Nares: marked dilation
Expiratory: grunting audible

Question 11

Newborn (0-1 month) vitals

Answer 11

HR: 100-200 bpm
RR: 40-60 at birth, 30-40 within minutes
BP: SBP 70

Question 12

Infant (1 month-1 year) vitals

Answer 12

HR: 120 bpm
RR: 25
BP: SBP 90
Temp: 98-100

Question 13

Toddler (1-2) vitals

Answer 13

HR: 98-140
RR: 20-37
BP: SBP 86-106
Temp: 96.8-99.6

Question 14

Preschool (3-5) vitals

Answer 14

HR: 80-120
RR: 20-37
BP: SBP 89-112
Temp: 96.8-99.6

Question 15

School age (6-12) vitals

Answer 15

HR: 70-120
RR: 15-20
BP: SBP 80-110
Temp: 98.6

Question 16

Adolescence (13-18) vitals

Answer 16

HR: 60-100
RR: 12-20
BP: SBP 110-131
Temp: 98.6

Question 17

FLACC pain scale

Answer 17

Face
Legs
Activity
Cry
Consolability

Question 18

FLACC ratings

Answer 18

0: relaxed
1-3: mild
4-6: moderate
7-10: severe

Question 19

Brudzinski sign

Answer 19

Knees bend when neck is flexed forward

Question 20

Kernig sign

Answer 20

Unable to extend knees when thigh is flexed on the abdomen

Question 21

Meningitis rashes

Answer 21

Petechial or purpuric

Question 22

Dementia

Answer 22

A group of symptoms characterized by a slow, progressive decline in mental ability severe enough to interfere with daily life

Question 23

Alzheimer

Answer 23

Nerve cells in cerebral cortex die and brain substance shrinks

Question 24

Huntington

Answer 24

Genetically programmed degeneration of the neurons in the brain

Question 25

Lewy body disease

Answer 25

Dementia caused by deposits of a protein called alpha-synuclein

Question 26

Vascular dementia

Answer 26

Reduce blood flow to the brain

Question 27

Child abuse risk factors

Answer 27

Children under 4
Children with disabilities
Highest risk is children under 1