Extraction of Lipids Flashcards
What are the stages in extraction of lipids?
- Lipid rich commodity
- Extraction
- Crude lipid
- Refining
Name four sources rich in lipids.
Coconut
Palm
Rapeseed
Sunflower
Name two oil seed commodities.
Rapeseed
Sunflower
Name two fruit pulp commodities.
Olive
Palm fruit
Name two animal commodities.
Lard
Tallow
Name a fish commodity.
Marine oils
Describe the process of extraction from lipid rich fruits.
- Grinding to a paste
- Pressing
- Separation by centrifuging
- Heating / solvent extraction
How is virgin oil produced?
Pressing from pulp without any further refining
Describe the process of wet rendering.
- Tissue heated with steam
- Lipid separation by centrifuging
- White lipid with neutral flavour produced
How is dry rendering different from wet rendering?
Uses heat alone to produce brown lipids for non food uses
What do crude oils and lipids contain?
Free fatty acids Phospholipids Proteins Water Pigments
What are the properties of crude oils and lipids?
Undesirable flavours, colour and stability
What do refined oils and lipids contain?
No toxicants
What are the properties of refined oils and lipids?
Desired flavour, colour and stability
Describe the process of chemical refining.
- Degumming
- Neutralisation
- Bleaching
- Deodorisation
