DRVs Flashcards
What intake of macronutrients is required in the diet?
Intake in large quantities
Name three macronutrients.
Protein
Carbohydrate
Fat
What intake of micronutrients is required in the diet?
Intake in smaller quantities
Name two micronutrients.
Minerals
Vitamins
What do DRVs reflect and provide?
They reflect nutritional needs
They provide a benchmark against which the nutritional adequacy of diet can be assessed
What is the equation for nutrients requirement?
Metabolic demand / Efficieny of utilisation
What are DRVs set based on?
Data collected from populations
What is EAR?
Estimated average requirement
Meets 50% of the populations needs
Mean
What is RNI?
Reference nutrition intake
2 standard deviations above the mean
Will meet 97.5% of the populations needs
What is LRNI?
Lower reference nutrition intake
2 standard deviation below the mean
Will meet 2.5% of the population needs
Used as a minimum requirement
What is safe and adequate intake?
Used when there is insufficient information about a nutrient to determine DRVs
Value considered adequate for most individuals but not too high incase of adverse effects
What are the assumptions made about the population when using DRVs?
They are ‘healthy’
They have no disease or metabolic abnormalities
DRVs for other nutrients are met
Not 100% of nutrients are absorbed (DRVs may be higher than the original intake requirement)
Where is data used to calculate DRVs obtained?
- Observations (populations without excess of deficient intake)
- Balance studies (intake = loss)
- Physiological estimates (nutrients amount required for tissue growth)
- Clinical studies
- Functional tests (intake that is associated with optimal function)
Who may have extra requirements for certain nutrients?
Children
Pregnant ladies
Breast feeding ladies
What are EARs often based on?
Total energy expenditure
