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PA1: Microbiology > Extra Reading > Flashcards

Extra Reading Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Are streptococci gram positive or gram negative?

A

Gram positive

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2
Q

Are staphylococci gram positive or gram negative?

A

Gram positive

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3
Q

Is N. mengitidis gram negative or gram positive?

A

Gram negative

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4
Q

Is N. gonorrhoeae gram positive or gram negative?

A

Gram negative

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5
Q

What shape is N. meningitidis?

A

Cocci

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6
Q

What shape is N. gonorhoeae?

A

Cocci

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7
Q

What shape is Haemophilus?

A

Coccobacilli

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8
Q

What shape is Bordetella?

A

Coccobacilli

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9
Q

Is Bordetella gram positive or gram negative?

A

Gram negative

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10
Q

What 2 main groups are gram positive cocci divided into?

A

Streptococci and staphylococci

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11
Q

What 2 groups are gram positive bacilli divided into?

A

Sporing and non-sporing

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12
Q

What are sporing gram positive bacilli subdivided into?

A

Aerobic and anaerobic

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13
Q

What kind of bacteria is Bacillus?

A

Aerobic, sporing, gram positive bacilli

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14
Q

What kind of bacteria is Clostridium?

A

Anaerobic, sporing, gram positive bacilli

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15
Q

What kind of bacteria is Listeria?

A

Non-sporing, gram positive bacilli

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16
Q

What are examples of gram negative bacilli?

A

Salmonella, shigella, escherichia, pseudomonas, legionella

17
Q

What kind of bacteria is salmonella?

A

Gram negative bacilli

18
Q

What kind of bacteria is enterobacteriaceae?

A

Gram negative bacilli

19
Q

What kind of bacteria is shigella?

A

Gram negative bacilli

20
Q

What kind of bacteria is Escherichia?

A

Gram negative bacilli

21
Q

What kind of bacteria is Pseudomonas?

A

Gram negative bacilli

22
Q

What is the clinical significance of Pseudomonas?

A

Environmental saprophyte naturally resistant to antibiotics and healthcare associated pathogen

23
Q

What kind of bacteria is Legionella?

A

Gram negative bacilli

24
Q

What kind of bacteria is Helicobacter?

A

Spiral bacteria

25
Q

What kind of bacteria is Campylobacter?

A

Spiral bacteria

26
Q

What bacteria causes Lyme disease?

A

Borrelia burgdorferi

27
Q

What kind of cells are phagocytes?

A

Neutrophils and macrophages

28
Q

What is the phagocytic action against S. pneumoniae?

A

Capsule coated entirely with anti capsular antibodies before phagocytosis

29
Q

What is the clinical significance of congenital neutrophil deficiency?

A

Chronic pyrogenic infections, recurrent chest infections and bronchiectasis

30
Q

What might be an adverse effect of splenectomy?

A

Defective macrophage function and less ability to remove capsulate organisms from blood

31
Q

What is complement?

A

System of plasma proteins activated by antigen-antibody binding (classic pathway) or direct interaction with bacterial cell wall (alternative pathway) which resists bacterial infection

32
Q

What is the product of complement?

A

Attraction of phagocytes to site of infection, activation of phagocytes, thus vasodilation and phagocytosis (opsonisation)

33
Q

What is a membrane attack complex?

A

Activation of phagocytes, vasodilation and phagocytosis

34
Q

Which kind of bacteria does membrane attack complex work against?

A

Gram negative bacteria

35
Q

If a patient has complement deficiency, what infections may they be susceptible to?

A

N. meningitidis, N. gonorrhoeae and S. pneumoniae

PA1: Microbiology (3 decks)

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