EXTRA PRACTICE: Soilborne Infectious Diseases Flashcards
Name all soilborne disease that are a part of Genus Clostridium
Tetanus
Gas Gangrene
Match: Potent, neurotoxin
Tetanus
Match: PD includes direct contact with fomites, such as nails/sharp objects
Tetanus
Match: SXS inclulde toxemia where the toxin target the CNS and blocks the relaxation pathway of the muscles. (Hint: this can cause muscle spams)
Tetanus
Match: Treatment includes ABX, Antitoxins, and Sedation drugs
Tetanus
Match: Clostridial myonecrosis
Gas Gangrene
Match: Clostridium perfringens
Gas Gangrene
Match: VF includes an alpha toxin that moves along tissue bundles, resulting in vascular/tissue damage
Gas Gangrene
Match: Predisposing factor include Ischemia that has not been reversed
Gas Gangrene
Match: Severe pain/swelling that has blackish-green gas and fluid filled blisters
Gas Gangrene
What is the best way to diagnosis Gas Gangrene? (hint: 3 ways)
Based on SXS
Image Testing
Culture
Match: This disease requires a high dosage of ABX and debridement of necrotic tissue
Gas Gangrene
Match: This disease progresses quickly from the initial injury, meaning it also had a high mortality rate
Gas Gangrene
Match: Common cause of death in wars
Gas Gangrene
Match: H. capsulatum
Histoplasmosis
Match: VF includes the yeast form grows in macrophages
Histoplasmosis
Match: Reservoirs include bird/bat droppings (1) and soil (2)
Histoplasmosis
Match: Acquired through inhalation of airborne conidia (fungal mold spore)
Histoplasmosis
Match: PD factors include bird/chicken handlers and caves
Histoplasmosis
Match: Is common in the Mississippi and Ohio River Valleys
Histoplasmosis
Match: Lung lesions AND mild/subcilincal flu-like SXS
Histoplasmosis
Match: MISC include that no vaccine is availiable and rarely beocmes a severe disease
Histoplasmosis
How do you diagnosis and treat Histoplasmosis and Coccidioidomycosis?
Diagnosis:
- Culture lung tissue/sputum sample
- Chest X ray
Treatment:
- Antifungals/Antimycotic drugs
Match: AKA Valley Fever/San Joacquin Fever
Coccidioidomycosis
Match: C. immitis
Coccidioidomycosis
Match: Dimorphic fungus that has a complex lifecycle
Coccidioidomycosis
Match: Aquired by inhalation of airborne arthoconidia (fungal mold spores)
Coccidioidomycosis
Describe the mode of transmission for coccidioidomycosis
inhale airborne anthroconidia -> spherules in tissue -> release endospores
Match: Found in desert soils of American Southwest
Coccidioidomycosis
Match: Causative agent are Necator Americanus and Ancyclostoma duodenale
Hookworm Infection
Which parasitic disease has is the LARGEST roundworm?
Ascariasis
Match: A. lumbrocoides
Ascariasis
Match: Infectious stage is penetrating larvae
Hookworm Infection
Match: SXS include anemia and fatigue
Hookworm Infection
How do you diagnose and treat Hookworm Infection and Ascariasis?
Diagnosis:
- Look for eggs in stool sample
Treatment:
- Antiparasitic/Antihelminths drugs
Match: Predisposing factors include walking barefoot, so a preventative measure includes wearing shoes
Hookworm Infection
Match: A preventative measure includes washing hands and not ingesting soil
Ascariasis
Match:Infectious stage of this disease is caused by ingesting eggs
Ascariasis
Match: Predisposing factors include poverty and unsanitary conditions
Ascariasis
Match: SXS include intestinal blockage and impairs growth in children
Ascariasis
Match: MISC includes 30% of the worldwide population is infected with this disease
Ascariasis
