Extra Pelvic Pathology Flashcards
A septum remains in the lumen of the vagina between what
Urogential sinus
Upper vagina
What is the structure called when the septum remains in the lumen of the vagina
Hymen
An imperforated hymen occurs if
The hymen does not rupture
If the hymen does not rupture it causes
Hydrocolpos
Hematocolpos
What are the types of retention of fluid in the pelvis
Hydrocolpos
Hydrometrocolpos
What is hydrocolpos
Fluid in the vagina
Occurs before puberty
Is the retention of vaginal secretions
What is hydrometrocolpos
The more severe form of hydrocolpos
Occurs before menses or after menopause
It is secreations in the uterus and vagina
Hematocolpos
Occurs after puberty
Blood trapped in the vagina
Hematometra
Retention of blood in the uterus
Typically caused by a imperorate hymen
Hematometrocolpos
Blood in the uterus and vagina
What is the role of sonography in hema/hydrocolpos
Identify the level of obstruction
Evaulate the echogenicity
Look for fluid fluid levels
What is fluid fluid levels
When there is 2 different types of fluid present in the same area
What are gartner’s duct cysts and what are they caused by
Cysts along the vagina
Caused by mesonephric duct
Gartner’s duct cysts can occur
In single or multiple
Usually on the lateral or anterolateral wall
Gartner’s duct cysts usually are
Asymptomatic and found incidentally
In cases of vagnial carcinaoma is sonography used in the diagnosis
No
What is sonography used for in cases of vaginal CA
To help stage
To assess pelvic spread and distal metastasis
What is a nabothian cyst
A common retention cyst that usually occurs in multiples
What makes up a nabothian cyst
Entrapped cervical secreations
Ca of the cervix is diagnosed
Clinically, with a PAP smear
What can Ca of the cervix cause obstruction of
Uterus
Renal
What is the role of sonography in Ca of the cervix
Used to help stage
What are the risk factors for cervical Ca
Infection by HPV Early sexual activity Multiple sexual partners Low socioeconomic status Smoking BCP Weakened immune system DES in utero
What is the sonographic findings of cervical Ca
Hematometra from cervical stenosis Multiple cystic areas within a solid cervical mass Bulky cervix Irregular cervical boarders Mass extending form cervix to pelvic sidewall Tumor invasion of the bladder Hydronephrosis Liver Mets Paraaortic nodes
A incompetent cervix can cause
Preterm labour and delivery