Contraceptation

Question 1

Oral contraception is more of what happens at the

Answer 1

Cervix

Question 2

Oral contraception contains

Answer 2

Progesterone

Estrogen

Question 3

What does oral contraceptives cause

Answer 3

ovulation to not occur
Cervical mucus thickens, so sperm cannot pass through cervix
Changes the uterine lining

Question 4

Mini pill

Answer 4

Contains only progesterone
Ovulation can occur
Cervical mucus thickens thus not allowing sperm to pass through cervix

Question 5

What is the appearance of the endometrium when a patient is on BCP

Answer 5

Thin

Question 6

Birth control patch contains

Answer 6

estrogen

progesterone

Question 7

How does a birth control patch work

Answer 7

Hormones are absorbed through the skin 
Ovulation is prevented 
Cervical mucus thickens 
-sperm cannot pass through cervix 
Changes the endometrial lining

Question 8

Depo provera

Answer 8

Contains only progestin
One shot last 3 months
Prevents ovulation
Thickened cervical mucus

Question 9

Depo provera can

Answer 9

be used by women who

• smoke
• over the age of 35
• are breastfeeding

Improve symptoms of endometriosis

Question 10

Nuva ring is a

Answer 10

Vaginal contraceptive ring which is placed in the vagina for 3 weeks and has to be replaced every month

Question 11

How does the Nuva ring work

Answer 11

Estrogen and progesterone are absorbed into the body
Ovulation does not occur
Thickens cervical mucus
Uterine lining is altered

Question 12

Can the Nuva ring be seen on US

Answer 12

Yes

Question 13

When can a emergency contraceptive pill be used

Answer 13

Up to 5 days after unprotected intercourse

Question 14

Plan B can be taken as

Answer 14

1 pill right away, second pill 12 hours later
Or
Both pills at the same time

Question 15

How do emergency contraceptive pills work

Answer 15

Contains high dosages of estrogen and progestin
Uterine lining is changed so implantation will not occur
Vaginal mucus will change as well

Question 16

IUCD

Answer 16

Intrauterine contraceptive device

Question 17

IUCD can be made of

Answer 17

Copper or plastic

Question 18

ICUD are placed by

Answer 18

Physicians

Question 19

What are the 2 types of IUCD’S and what do they prevent

Answer 19

Mirena
Copper IUD

Prevents implantation

Question 20

Mirena are

Answer 20

IUCS
Small, soft “T” shaped
Inserted into uterus by physician
99.9% effective

Question 21

Why are mirena ICUS

Answer 21

Because they secrete hormones

Question 22

IUCS

Answer 22

Intrauterine contraceptive system

Question 23

Mirenas can

Answer 23

Prevent ovulation

Be left for up to 5 years

Question 24

Mirenas contains progestein which does what

Answer 24

Changes uterine lining

Thickens cervical mucus

Question 25

Copper T are

Answer 25

Small soft T shaped plastic coated with copper wire

99.2 - 99.4% effective

Question 26

Copper T can be left for how long

Answer 26

5 years

Question 27

What do copper T do

Answer 27

Changes the endometrium so implantation does not occur

Thickens vaginal mucus

Question 28

What is the role of US in IUCD maintence

Answer 28

Checking for position and presentation

-should be in the fundus of the uterus

Question 29

What is the sonographic appearance of IUCD

Answer 29

Hyperechoic echo in the endometrium
Comet tail artifact
Posterior shadowing

Question 30

What are the complications involved with IUCD’S

Answer 30

Expulsion intro the uterine cavity 
Improper location (migration)
PID 
Ectopic pregnancy 
Pregnancy with an IUCD - can result in complications

Question 31

PID can cause

Answer 31

Infertility but it might not be the device causing the infection but rather the patients lifestyle

Question 32

Pregnancy with IUCD

Answer 32

40% will spontaneously abort
-due to rupture of membranes or infection
1/20 are ectopic
Increased risk of preterm delivery with attempted removal of IUCD

Question 33

An IUCD may be seen under which gestation

Answer 33

<12 weeks

Question 34

Barrier contraception can be

Answer 34

Female condoms 
Male condoms 
Sponge with spermicide 
Cervical caps 
Diaphragms

Question 35

Which barrier contraceptive methods must be fitted by a physician

Answer 35

Cervical caps

Diaphragms

Question 36

What are the surgical methods for contraception in females

Answer 36

Tubal ligation

Question 37

Tubal ligation is

Answer 37

Percent
Surgical procedure done through laparoscopy
-ligating
-cauterizing
-staples
-coils, are sometimes placed into the Fallopian tubes

Question 38

Male sterilization

Answer 38

Vasectomy

Question 39

Vasectomy’s are

Answer 39

Permanent
Ligation of the vas Deferens
Ejaculation with out sperm

Question 40

Medical abortions can use which drug

Answer 40

Methotrexate/misoprostol

Question 41

Methotrexate is

Answer 41

Growth inhibitor
Used up to 7weeks LMP
A injection administered in a clinic

Question 42

Methotrexate can

Answer 42

end a pregnancy in a day or two

Take up to 4 weeks to terminate pregnancy

Question 43

How is methotrexate a growth inhibitor

Answer 43

Blocks folic acid from the embryonic cells so they cannot divide

Question 44

Induced abortions can be

Answer 44

Therapeutic or surgical

Question 45

Induced abortions are done by

Answer 45

Manual vacuum aspiration
D&C
D&E

Question 46

D&C

Answer 46

Dilatation and curettage

Question 47

D&E

Answer 47

Dilation and evacuation

Question 48

What is a D&E

Answer 48

Second trimester abortion

Termination of lethal chromosomal anomalies

Question 49

What is sonographys role in a D&E

Answer 49

May be required in operating room for these procedures to guide surgeons