Extra Info For Final

Question 1

Def: An x-linked inherent disease (frequently males) where the mutated gene causes an insufficient protein called dystrophin which causes a breakdown of the muscular cell wall. This type of the disease is different in that it has early onset of symptoms and severe effects on body.

Answer 1

Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy

Question 2

One way to diagnose DMD is if a child has a positive _____ ______.
This is when a child “walks” their hands up their legs to stand upright showing weakness in hip muscles.

Answer 2

Gower’s sign

Question 3

Developmental issues from DMD:

• Delayed speech
• Difficulty sitting, walking, standing, running
• Fine motor delays
• Slow motor planning
• Late potty training

Answer 3

Issues following Dx:
Chewing/swallowing 
Contractures
Scoliosis
Chest infections 
Cardiomyopathy
Decreased strength

Question 4

Pharmaceuticals/surgeries for DMD:

Answer 4

• Beta blockers : Assist with normal heartbeat
• Corticosteroids: Increase muscle mass
• Foot or spine surgery
• Viltespo : increase dystrophin levels

Question 5

Def: Evaluation tool used to determine a child with DMD’s overall ambulation ability

Answer 5

North Star Ambulatory Assessment

Question 6

Child with cerebral palsy have issues developing head and trunk control due to ________, exaggerated reflexes, or impaired sensory input.

Answer 6

Hypertonia

Question 7

Down syndrome clinical features:

Hyper or Hypo -tonicity?

Answer 7

• Hypotonicity
• Joint hypermobility
• Delayed development & impaired motor control
• Atlantoaxial instability

Question 8

Modified Ashworth Scale asseses \_\_\_\_\_.
0:
1:
1+:
2:
3:
4:

Answer 8

Tone!
0: No increase in muscle tone
1: Slight increase in muscle tone, manifested by a catch and release or by minimal resistance at the end of the ROM when moved in flexion or extension
1+: Slight increase in muscle tone, manifested by a catch, followed by minimal resistance throughout the remainder (less than half) of the range of motion
2: More marked increase in muscle tone through most of the ROM, but affected part easily moved
3: Considerable increase in muscle tone, passive movement difficult
4: Affected part rigid and flexion or extension

Question 9

Upper or Lower Motor Neuron lesions?

Multiple Sclerosis, TBI, Huntington’s Dz, Cerebral Palsy, CVA

Answer 9

Upper Motor Neuron

Question 10

Upper or lower motor neuron lesions?

Bell’s Palsy, Guillain-Barre Syndrome, Muscular Dystrophy, Poliomyelitis

Answer 10

Lower Motor Neuron lesion