Extra Credit 4 Flashcards
Type I necrotizing fascitiitis usually occurs…
After surgery
All of the following are forms of the plague except:
maculopapular
The presence of Gram negative diplococci in a purulent discharge is diagnostic for what STI?
chlamydia
This disease commonly occurs as a secondary infection in immunocompromised individuals (including the elderly) and leads to septic shock if left untreated
bacterial septicemia
The causative agent of gonorrhea are:
Gram negative diplococci
Urinary tract infections are more common in females because:
They have shorter urethras, allowing bacteria to ascend more easily
Which of the following is true about syphilis?
It can be transmitted congenitally through the placental barrier
This acute viral respiratory infection is acquired from aersolized rodant feces and results in a pulmonary syndrome in which death occurs as a result of the patient’s lungs filling with fluid is known as
hantavirus pulmonary syndrome
Lobar pneumoniae is most prominent in which population?
the elderly over 60 years of age
The lesion associated with syphilis makes an individual particularly susceptible to infection with which deadly disease-causing agent?
HIV
true / false
Young people under the age of 25 account for 75% of all individuals living with HIV.
false
true / false
Bacterial septicemia caused by Gram negative bacteria have a higher mortality rate than that caused by Gram positive bacteria.
true
Which STI is most commonly associated with cervical cancer?
anogenital warts
Entamoeba histolytica is associated with:
amoebic dysentery
Which is not a way to diagnose genital herpes?
a throat swab
Which of the following bacterial STIs is NOT considered a discharge disease?
syphilis
Group B Streptococcus can be transmitted to an infant while the infant is passing through the birth canal, causing early onset meningitis or from mother to infant shortly after birth through breast feeding or skin contact, causing late onset meningitis. Respectively, these infections would be:
Perinatal; Postnatal
This is an important virulence factor of the causative agent of lobar pneumonia.
a polysaccharide capsule
true / false
Women under 20 are physiologically more susceptible to chlamydia.
true
The Epstein-Barr Virus can cause (select all that apply):
non-malignant diseases including infectious mononucleosis
malignant diseases including Burkitt’s lymphoma
Which eye disease is commonly associated with the turning of the eyelids inward, leading to blindness?
trachoma
One of the signs and symptoms of the human papillomaviruses (HPV) are cutaneous warts found on the hands. These warts are also known as?
verruca
Approximately what percentage of adults worldwide have been exposed to the Epstein-Barr virus?
75-95%
To minimize the risk of antibiotic resistance, which of these is the pediatrician most likely to recommend for uncomplicated cases of bacterial conjunctivitis?
do nothing and the infection will shortly resolve on its own
true / false
There is a vaccine to prevent chlamydia.
false
For which of the following sexually-transmitted diseases is there an effective vaccine?
genital warts
What is the most effective way to confirm signs and symptoms of bacterial septicemia?
blood cultures from multiple samples
Which of the following diseases has an infectious agent that is transmitted via a bite from a female Anopheles mosquito?
malaria
For which of the following STIs is there an efffective vaccine?
genital warts
What is the defining characteristic of the retrovirus that causes HIV?
Its encodes a reverse transcriptase that converts single stranded RNA into DNA
Bacterial food poisoning is a(n):
intoxication by heat stable enterotoxins
If gonorrhea is passed to an infant perinatally, they are most likely born with what type of infection?
an ocular infection
Before puberty, what are the primary bacteria found in the vaginal canal? (select all that apply)
Streptococcus species Staphylococcus species
The risk of developing cervical cancer increases after contracting this sexually transmitted infectious agent:
mucosatropic human papillomavirus
What do bacteria on the heart form that makes it difficult for the heart to pump blood?
vegetations
The causative agent of a community-acquired urinary tract infection is most likely…
Escherichia coli
Otitis media’s primary causative agents are:
bacterial
This disease is obtained from the bite of a female Anopheles mosquito and is a significant cause of mortality in children under the age of five in areas where it is endemic, particularly in Africa.
malaria
Which of the following is the best treatment for dengue fever?
supportive care, including replacement fluids
true / false
Gonorrhea is more commonly asymptomatic in men than in women.
False
Which of the following is an opportunistic infection that arises from normal flora following mechanical injury, application of broad spectrum antibiotics, or chemical changes? The positive agent can potentially be transmitted between individuals via sexual contact.
vaginal candidiasis
Antibiotic-associated colitis is often caused by:
Broad-spectrum antibiotics killing normal flora, allowing Clostridium difficile to overgrow and produce enterotoxin, causing severe diarrhea
Which is an example of a pathogen commonly capable of infecting the birth canal and causing a perinatal infection?
Neisseria gonorrhoeae
true / false
The primary treatment for diphtheria is an antitoxin, along with antibiotics.
true
Which of the following are considered bacterial discharge diseases? Check all that apply:
chlamydia
gonorrhea
Yersinia pestis , the causative agent of plague is most commonly transferred by the bite of a:
flea
Which of the following HIV tests is the most commonly used?
Detection of HIV antibodies
Which of the following is a maculopapular rash disease?
measles
Which viral agent is commonly associated with deep muscle and bone pain and causes a condition nicknamed, “breakbone fever”?
Dengue virus
How is bacterial food poisoning treated?
With fluids and electrolyte replacement
One can acquire the disease agent that causes whooping cough by:
breathing in aerosol droplets ejected into the air by an infected person
Urinary tract infections are more common in men.
false
Who is at-risk for antibiotic-associated colitis?
Anyone on broad-spectrum antibiotics
Which of the following is NOT a way to contract HIV?
kissing
Which of the following routes of transmission may result in an individual contracting HIV?
none of these are likely routes of transmission of HIV
Which of the following is the most common cause of urinary tract infections in both communities acquired and hospital (nosocomial) acquired infections?
Escherichia coli
true / false
The infectious agent that causes syphilis can be passed from infected mothers to a developing fetus.
true
