Extra cards

Question 1

Describe the various parasitic infections

Answer 1

• Entamoeba histolytica = BRAIN ABSCESSES
• Trypanosoma brucei (african trypanosome) = SLEEPING SICKNESS
• Plasmodium falciparum = CEREBRAL MALARIA

Question 2

describe the Opportunistic (free living) Amoeba

Answer 2

• Acanthamoeba, Naegleria and balamuthia (normally reside in fresh water
• All three organisms can cause FATAL INFECTIONS OF THE CNS

Question 3

Zoonoses

Answer 3

disease of vertebrate animals that can be transmitted to man; either directly or indirectly through an insect vector

Question 4

Arboviral

Answer 4

disease caused by insect vector

Question 5

consequences of bacteremia

Answer 5

• transient and benign
• sepsis and septic shock (including toxic shock)
• endocarditis

Question 6

Sepsis

Answer 6

• systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) that has a proven or suspected microbial etiology
• Not that bacteremia is NOT required and can be caused by toxins released by bacteria

Question 7

SIRS

Answer 7

two or more of the following conditions are met:

• FEVER or Hypothermia
• Tachypnea
• tachycardia
• abnormal wbc count (leukocytosis or leukopenia)

Question 8

Severe sepsis

Answer 8

sepsis with one or more signs of organ dysfunction

- examples: reduction in urine output, mental status changes, systemic acidosis, hypozemia

Question 9

Septic shock

Answer 9

Severe sepsis + HYPOTENSION (systolic pressure < 90mmHg)

Question 10

Refractory septic shock

Answer 10

• septic shock that lasts for >1 hour and does not respond to fluid and pharmacologic treatment

Question 11

Multiorgan failure

Answer 11

Dysfunction of more than one organ and may development of disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC)