Extra bullshit

Question 1

Which amino acids can be phosphorylated?

Answer 1

Serine, Threonine, Tyrosine, (those with -OH groups) and Histidine (Prokaryotes)

Question 2

The molecular weight of an amino acid

Answer 2

110 Daltons

Question 3

Name the AA’s associated with the one-letter code, and their characteristics

M
W
K
G
S

Answer 3

M - Methionine: Sulfur/Non-polar
W - Tryptophan: Aromatic/Non-polar
K - Lysine: Amine/Basic
G - Glycine: Non-polar
S - Serine: Hydroxyl/Polar

Question 4

Name the AA’s associated with the one-letter code, and their characteristics

E
I
N
R
T

Answer 4

E - Glutamic Acid: Carboxyl/(-) charged
I - Isoleucine: Non-polar
N - Asparagine: Amine/Polar
R - Arginine: Amine/(+) charged
T - Threonine: Hydroxyl/Polar

Question 5

Name the AA’s associated with the one-letter code, and their characteristics

A
C
L
F
Y

Answer 5

A - Alanine: Non-polar
C - Cysteine - Sulfur/Polar
L - Leucine: Non-polar
F - Phenylalanine: Aromatic/Non-polar
Y - Tyrosine: Aromatic/Hydroxyl/Polar

Question 6

Name the AA’s associated with the one-letter code, and their characteristics

D
Q
H
P
V

Answer 6

D - Aspartic Acid: Hydroxyl/ (-) charged
Q - Glutamine: Amine/Polar
H - Histidine: (+) charged
P - Proline: Non-polar
V - Valine: Non-polar

Question 7

Ester:
Ether:
Thiol:
Amide:
Lactone:
Quinone:

Answer 7

Ester: R-(C=O)-OR
Ether: R-O-R
Thiol: R-S-H
Amide: (O=C)-N
Lactone: O=Cyclic
Quinone: O=Cyclic=C

Question 8

Nitro:
Azide:
Carbamate:
Urea:
Carbonate ester:
Allene:
Hydroquinone:

Answer 8

Nitro: NO2
Azide: N3 or N=N+=N-
Carbamate: R-O-(C=O)-N
Urea: H2N-(C=O)-NH2
Carbonate ester: R2-O-(C=O)-O-R2
Allene: C=C=C
Hydroquinone: HO-Cyclic-OH

Question 9

Isothiocyanate:
Disulfide:
Sulfone:
Thioamide:
Enamine:
Nitrile:

Answer 9

Isothiocyanate: R-N=C=S
Disulfide: S-S
Sulfone: O=S=O
Thioamide: S=C-N
Enamine: N-C=C
Nitrile: C-C☰N

Question 10

Uncompetitive inhibition

Answer 10

Binds the ES complex; decrease Km and Vmax

Question 11

“reducing” conditions of an SDS-gel

Answer 11

break disulfide bridges

covalent bonds are not broken under non-reducing conditions

Question 12

Which steps in glycolysis require ATP? Produce ATP?

Answer 12

G -> G6P and F6P -> F1,6P require ATP

1,3bP -> 3Phosphoglycerate and PEP -> Pyruvate produce ATP (x2)

Question 13

Which steps in the citric acid cycle produce NADH? GTP? FADH2?

Answer 13

Isocitrate -> alpha-ketoglutarate produces NADH
alpha-ketoglutarate -> succinylcholine-CoA produces NADH

Succinyl-CoA -> succinate produces GTP

Succinate -> fumarate produces FADH2

Malate -> Oxaloacetate produces NADH

Question 14

Catalytic efficiency

Answer 14

Kcat/Km

Vmax = kcat[E]