extra

Question 1

long intervals of sleep wake

Answer 1

lower metabolic rates, longer intervals between meals, lower hour activity levels
= general slower of metabolism

Question 2

familial advanced sleep phase syndrome

Answer 2

mutation in casine kinase gene that regulates PER2

Question 3

extreme delayed sleep phase

Answer 3

PER3, CRY1, CLOCK

Question 4

DSPS

Answer 4

longer-period circadian rhythm resting in delayed phase of sleep entrainment and increased sensitivity to light in the evening

Question 5

beyond age 5

Answer 5

continuing decrease in total sleep duration and N3
increase in N2
increased total percentage of REM

Question 6

4-12 months

Answer 6

12-16h

Question 7

1-2 years

Answer 7

11-14h`

Question 8

3-5 years

Answer 8

10-13h

Question 9

6-12 years

Answer 9

9-12h

Question 10

13-18 years

Answer 10

8-10h

Question 11

decline in puberty of…

Answer 11

eeg delta power density during NREM sleep

Question 12

when did delta power decline

Answer 12

12-14, 11 for girls correlates with differences in sexual maturation

Question 13

delta decline proposed to be linked to

Answer 13

decline in cortical synaptic connectivity -> reduced local neural synchrony

Question 14

chronotype preference phases

Answer 14

delayed preference at beginning of puberty, slower drift to ealier prefernce in adulthood

Question 15

DSPS melatonin

Answer 15

increased sensitivity to light in evening, greater suppression of melatonin and larger phase shifts of melatonin rhythm

Question 16

peri vs post menu

Answer 16

increased beta activity during NREM, increased in light sleep = more waking

Question 17

menopause

Answer 17

elevated FSH
more hot flashes
more N1 sleep
less N2 sleep
more awakenings
increased N3

Question 18

older men have a higher ratio of

Answer 18

NREm to REM sleep, suggesting homeostatic regulating of NRM delate activity

Question 19

signal-noise ratio findings

Answer 19

age related decreased in SWS
sex related different related to skull thickness differences

Question 20

older group sleep distribution

Answer 20

flat distribution of REM contrast to late-night increase for young adults

Question 21

EEG of birdsS

Answer 21

similar to humans:
- low-amp EEG during waking
- high-amp EEG during NREM sleep
- low amp during REM
- REM usually 10s, no sleep spindles/k-complexes

Question 22

sleep characteristcs

Answer 22

1. sleep position
2. immobile
3. increased threshold for reactivity
4. moderately intense stimuli lead to more/less rapid reversal of state
5. deprivation of sleep = need more, homeostatically regulated