EXTRA Flashcards
Achondroplasia
autosomal dominant inheritance
risk factor - older age of parents
shortening of limbs, large head, lumbar lordosis, mid face hypoplasia, flattened nasal bridge
Caput succedanium
oedema on the presenting part of newborn’s heads after delivery
crosses suture lines
resolves
Cephalohaematoma
swelling seen on newborns due to bleeding
doesn’t cross suture lines
resolves in 3 months
Epstein’s pearl
cyst that develops on hard palate or near gum. Feels like tooth is erupting.
self-resolves
Growing Pains
pains in legs of young children but there are no concerning features at all
Why are all newborns given vitamin K
to prevent haemorrhagic disease
Nocturnal Enuresis
wetting the bed at night around 6 years old
ensure there is no underlying pathology
management:
lifestyle and behaviour trial
enuresis alarm
desmopressin
Retinoblastoma
autosomal dominant condition causing a tumour
signs:
absent red light
management:
external beam radiation/chemo/radio
good prognosis
Rosalae Infantum
causes by HHV6
high fever followed by maculopapular rash
febrile convulsions can occur
Transient Synovitis
acute hip pain followed by viral infection
affects 3-8yrs olds
hipi pain
limp
low grade fever
conservative management
What is a sign of toddler’s diarrhoea
stool containing indigested/solid food
What is the triad of symptoms seen in Shaken Baby Syndrome
subdural haemtoma
retinal haemorrhages
encephalopathy
Gastrochisis and Omphalocele
Gastrochisis:
defect in ant. abdo wall lateral to umbilical cord
management:
vaginal delivery
newborns should be sent to theatre ASAP
Omphalocele:
similar to gastrochisis but defect is in the umbilical cord
Exampholos
abdo contents protrude through anterior abdo wall but covered in amniotic sac
management:
CS
staged repaid
What hearing tests are done for the extreme ages in kids
newborn - otoacoustic emission test
infants - auditory brainstem response test
> 3 years - pure tone audiometry
