EXTERNALITY DIAGRAMS Flashcards
Welfare loss in the market when there is a negative consumption externality (MSB<MPB)
Welfare loss in the market when there is a positive consumption externality (MSB>MPB)
Welfare loss in the market when there is a negative production externality (MSC>MPC)
Welfare loss in the market when there is a positive
consumption externality (MSB>MPB)
Welfare loss in the market when there is a negative production externality (MSC>MPC)
Welfare loss in the market when there is a positive production externality (MSC<MPC)
Market equilibrium compared to social optimum equilibrium a market with both negative production externality (MSC>MPC) and negative consumption externality (MSB<MPB)
Market with negative consumption externality (MSB< MPB) and negative production externality (MSC>MPC)
Market equilibrium compared to social optimum equilibrium a market with both a negative production externality (MSC>MPC) and a positive consumption externality (MSB>MPB)
Using a specific/unit indirect tax to internalise a negative production externality
Market where the best government intervention option is to ban the good/service; social optimum at zero output
Information failure (i) Demand increases when consumer have full information (merit good) and (ii) demand decreases when consumers have full information (demerit good)
Positive consumption externality of vaccines
Positive consumption externality showing welfare loss area at market equilibrium
Underproduction in market with a positive production externality (MSC< MPC), with constant externalities