External to cell wall (prokaryotes)

Question 1

What structures are external to the cell wall?

Answer 1

Glycocalyx
Flagela
Axial Filaments
Fimbrae
Pili

Question 2

What is glycocalyx?

Answer 2

Something prokaryotes secrete and is around the cell
Made of polysaccharide, polypeptide, or both

Question 3

How many types of Glycocalyx are thre

Answer 3

2

Question 4

What are the types of clycocalyx?

Answer 4

Capsule: Neatly organized
Slime layer: unorganized

Question 5

What does glycocalyx help with?

Answer 5

Helps cells in a biofilm attach to their target environment

Question 6

What is the flagella and what does it do?

Answer 6

It’s the tail
Propels bacteria

Question 7

What is flagella made of?

Answer 7

Flagellin

Question 8

What are the parts of the flagella?

Answer 8

Filament: Outermost region
Hook: Attaches to filament
Basal Body: has rod and rings paired which anchor flagellum to cell wall and membrane

Question 9

What anchors flagellum?

Answer 9

Basal body

Question 10

What do axial filaments do?

Answer 10

Rotate and cause cell to move like corkskrew

Question 11

Where is the axial filaments found?

Answer 11

Found in spirochetes
Are anchored at one end of the cell

Question 12

Fimbriae have a tendency to what?

Answer 12

To adhere to each other and to surfaces

Question 13

Fimbriae can occur…

Answer 13

at poles or be evenly distributed

Question 14

Fimbriae are involved in ?

Answer 14

Involved in forming biofilms

Question 15

Fimbriae can help bacteria adhere to?

Answer 15

Adhere to epithileal surfaces in the body

Question 16

How do Pili move?

Answer 16

Using twitching motility (sticky hand example)

Question 17

What is a big role pili do?

Answer 17

DNA transfer