Ch.4 stuff

Question 1

What is mutualism?

Answer 1

When 2 species benefit from each other

Question 2

What’s amensalism?

Answer 2

One population harms another but remains unaffected

Question 3

What’s commensalism?

Answer 3

One organism benefits while other is unaffected

Question 4

What’s neutralism?

Answer 4

When neither organism is affected in any way

Question 5

What’s parasitism?

Answer 5

When one organism benefits while harming the other

Question 6

Microbiome definition?

Answer 6

All prokaryotic and eukaryotic microorganisms that are associated with a certain organism

Question 7

Low g+c gram positive bacteria means?

Answer 7

Bacteria have less than 50% of guanine and cytosine nucleotides in their DNA

Question 8

What does high g+c gram positive bacteria mean?

Answer 8

More than 50% of guanine and cytosine nucleotides in their DNA

Question 9

What are the gram negative bacteria classes?

Answer 9

Proteobacteria
Nonproteobacteria
Phototrophic

Question 10

Types of proteobacteria?

Answer 10

Alpha
Beta
Gamma
Delta
Epsil

Question 11

Characteristic of alphaproteobacteria?

Answer 11

Capable of living in low nutrient environments
Intracellular pathogens

Question 12

Examples of alphaproteobacteria

Answer 12

Chlamydia
Rickettsia

Question 13

What can chlamydia cause?

Answer 13

trachoma
Pnumonia

Question 14

What can rickettsia cause?

Answer 14

Rocky mountain fever
Caused by ticks

Question 15

What are betaproteobacteria?

Answer 15

Eutrophs
Meaning they need a copious amount of nutrients
Genus: Neisseria

Question 16

What are some diseases of betaproteobacteria from genus Neisseria?

Answer 16

N. meningitis
N. gonnorhea

Question 17

Characteristics of gammaproteobacteria

Answer 17

Largest and most diverse
Many are human pathogens that are aerobes or anaerobes

Question 18

What are Coliforms (gamma)?

Answer 18

Can ferment lactose with production of acid and gas
An example is e.coli

Question 19

What are noncoliforms? (gamma)

Answer 19

Cannot comppletelyferment lactose
Can produce either acid OR gas
Ex: salmonella

Question 20

True or false: Salmonella has over 2000 serovars?

Answer 20

True

Question 21

What are deltaproteobacteria?

Answer 21

Able to reduce sulfate or elemental sulfur
AKA slime bacteria
Ex: desulfovibrio orale
Myxobacterium

Question 22

What are epsilproteobacteria?

Answer 22

Make up smallest group of proteobacteria
Examples: Campylobacter
Helicobacter

Question 23

Campylobacter

Answer 23

*Espil
C. jejuni
This cause food poisoning

Question 24

Helicobacter

Answer 24

H. pylori
*epsil
causes stomach problem type of stuff

Question 25

3 classes of nonproteobacteria

Answer 25

Spirochetes
CFB group
Plantomycetes

Question 26

Spirochetes

Answer 26

Treponemia: syphilis
*nonproteo

Question 27

CFB group

Answer 27

*type of nonproteo bacteria Fusobacterium. necrophorum
causes throat stuff

Question 28

Phototrophic

Answer 28

Cyanobacteria: Critical in oxygenation of atmosphere

Question 29

What are the gram positive ones?

Answer 29

High g+c
Low g+c

Question 30

What’s a high g+c example

Answer 30

Actinobacteria

Question 31

Actinobacteria examples

Answer 31

*high G+C
Actinomyces: gum disease
Mycobacterium: tubercolosis and leprosy
Corynebacterium: c. diptheriae

Question 32

Examples of low g+c

Answer 32

Clostridium: tetanus
Lactobacillus: Probiotic
streptococcus: strep throat
Bacillus: Food poisoning
Staphylococcus: MRSA