Ch.4 stuff Flashcards

1
Q

What is mutualism?

A

When 2 species benefit from each other

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2
Q

What’s amensalism?

A

One population harms another but remains unaffected

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3
Q

What’s commensalism?

A

One organism benefits while other is unaffected

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4
Q

What’s neutralism?

A

When neither organism is affected in any way

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5
Q

What’s parasitism?

A

When one organism benefits while harming the other

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6
Q

Microbiome definition?

A

All prokaryotic and eukaryotic microorganisms that are associated with a certain organism

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7
Q

Low g+c gram positive bacteria means?

A

Bacteria have less than 50% of guanine and cytosine nucleotides in their DNA

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8
Q

What does high g+c gram positive bacteria mean?

A

More than 50% of guanine and cytosine nucleotides in their DNA

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9
Q

What are the gram negative bacteria classes?

A

Proteobacteria
Nonproteobacteria
Phototrophic

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10
Q

Types of proteobacteria?

A

Alpha
Beta
Gamma
Delta
Epsil

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11
Q

Characteristic of alphaproteobacteria?

A

Capable of living in low nutrient environments
Intracellular pathogens

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12
Q

Examples of alphaproteobacteria

A

Chlamydia
Rickettsia

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13
Q

What can chlamydia cause?

A

trachoma
Pnumonia

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14
Q

What can rickettsia cause?

A

Rocky mountain fever
Caused by ticks

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15
Q

What are betaproteobacteria?

A

Eutrophs
Meaning they need a copious amount of nutrients
Genus: Neisseria

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16
Q

What are some diseases of betaproteobacteria from genus Neisseria?

A

N. meningitis
N. gonnorhea

17
Q

Characteristics of gammaproteobacteria

A

Largest and most diverse
Many are human pathogens that are aerobes or anaerobes

18
Q

What are Coliforms (gamma)?

A

Can ferment lactose with production of acid and gas
An example is e.coli

19
Q

What are noncoliforms? (gamma)

A

Cannot comppletelyferment lactose
Can produce either acid OR gas
Ex: salmonella

20
Q

True or false: Salmonella has over 2000 serovars?

21
Q

What are deltaproteobacteria?

A

Able to reduce sulfate or elemental sulfur
AKA slime bacteria
Ex: desulfovibrio orale
Myxobacterium

22
Q

What are epsilproteobacteria?

A

Make up smallest group of proteobacteria
Examples: Campylobacter
Helicobacter

23
Q

Campylobacter

A

*Espil
C. jejuni
This cause food poisoning

24
Q

Helicobacter

A

H. pylori
*epsil
causes stomach problem type of stuff

25
3 classes of nonproteobacteria
Spirochetes CFB group Plantomycetes
26
Spirochetes
Treponemia: syphilis *nonproteo
27
CFB group
*type of nonproteo bacteria Fusobacterium. necrophorum causes throat stuff
28
Phototrophic
Cyanobacteria: Critical in oxygenation of atmosphere
29
What are the gram positive ones?
High g+c Low g+c
30
What's a high g+c example
Actinobacteria
31
Actinobacteria examples
*high G+C Actinomyces: gum disease Mycobacterium: tubercolosis and leprosy Corynebacterium: c. diptheriae
32
Examples of low g+c
Clostridium: tetanus Lactobacillus: Probiotic streptococcus: strep throat Bacillus: Food poisoning Staphylococcus: MRSA