Exposure Flashcards
four variables of a good exposure
F.L.A.S. (H)
Shutter speed (1/sec)
Apertures (f/stops)
Film speed / digital ISO equivalents
Light (ambient or supplemental lighting)
proper exposure triangle
sides of the triangle
-f/stop (aperture)
-film speed (ISO)
-shutter speed
center of triangle
-light (ambient/flash)
Exposure
The product of the intensity of _light that reaches the film plane/digital sensor which is controlled by the lens aperture (diaphragm)_and the length of time which is controlled by the shutter speed
types of exposure
Properly exposed, underexposed, or overexposed
exposure that halves ligjht
-1
exposure that doubles light
+1
properly exposed
0
single lens reflex
- First the image viewed by the photographer through the viewfinder and the light striking the sensor both come from a single lens
- Second the light coming from the lens is reflected (reflex) by a series of mirrors to the viewfinder
type of camera that is not a SLR
point and shoot
identify components of camera
1.Lens elements (a series of prisms that allows rays of light to come to a point of convergence)
2.Mirror down
3.Shutter’
4.Sensor
5.Mirror up
6.Condenser lens
7.Pentaprism
8.Viewfinder
shutter typically can be found in ?
camera body
what is shutter speed?
amount of time the shutter is allowed to stay open
Shutter speeds may be indicated as whole numbers, but are really fractions. what are the shutter speeds?
1
2
4
8
15
30
60
125
250
500
1000
2000
Whole number by itself =
Whole number with “” =
1/60 is faster than ?
fraction ex: 15, 1/15
whole number ex: “15”, 15
1/15
what happens if you need longer shutter speeds?
B = bulb
Shutter remains_open____ until shutter button is _released______
Remote shutter release cable can be used instead of depressing shutter button
slower shutter speed (open for longer)
more light
fast shutter speed (open not as long)
less light
faster shutter speed (open shorter)
even less light
shutter speeds slower than 1/60 require a tripod why?
Because a little bit of your natural hand shake is going to cause blur in image
what is aperture (f-stops)?
The opening in the lens (diaphragm) through which light passes
what is the diaphragm
set of blades forming a circular opening
the size of the aperture is either ? or ?
fixed or adjustable
lens opening are usually calibrated in ?
f/stops (fractions)
primary f/stops
f1
f1.4
f2
f2.8
f4
f5.6
f8
f11
f16
f22
f32
f45
shutter speed going towards 1
slow
more light
creative blur
eliminates
shutter speed going towards 2000
fast
less light
freezes motion
apertures going towards 1
open
more light
less DOF
aperture going towards 45
closed
less light
more DOF
ISO going towards 100? towards 800?
-less sensitive
-more sensitive
f/stop fractions
relates size of aperture opening (DOD) to the focal length of the lens (FLL)
The larger the number the smaller the opening
Less light
narrow diaphragm
The smaller the number the larger the opening
more light
large diaphragm
4 non-normal scenes
dark-colored scenes
light-colored scenes
dark and light scenes
scenes with a lot of sky
what will light meters provide for normal scenes?
Light Meters will provide proper exposures for ‘Normal ‘ Scenes reflects 18%
reflective light meter
built-in near sensor to determine the amount of the light to properly expose the image
averaging/center-weighted meters
emphasizes light from the center of view, most of light coming in through lens
spot meter
measures light from a small area of the center - specific area to be properly exposed
matrix meter
break up light coming in into series of grids
reflects 18% of the light that strikes the scene
normal scene
18% gray card
standard used to determine the correct amount of light to enter the camera
what else reflects about 18%?
grain grass and well-traveled asphalt
