export_sst viruses ii Flashcards
Symptoms of smallpox
Abrupt high fever
Malaise, headache, muscle pain, nausea
Enanthem (mouth lesions) and exanthem (skin lesions)
Common to see lesions on palms and soles of feet
Smallpox causative agent
Variola virus
Variola virus family and features
Poxviridae family
Large, dsDNA genome
Replicates in cytoplasm
Strictly a human virus
Treat and prevent smallpox
Live strain of vaccinia virus
Results in cross-protection
Eczema vaccinatum
Widespread lesions in response to smallpox vaccine
Severe complication
Smallpox vs. chickenpox
Smallpox - centrifugal, palms and soles of feet, synchronous evolution of lesions
Chickenpox - centripetal, assynchronous evolution of lesions
Measles symptoms
High fever
Cough, Coryza, Conjunctivitis, Koplik’s spots (prodrome)
Maculopapular rash
Anorexia, diarrhea, lymphadenopathy
Measles virus family and features
Paramyxovirus
ssRNA
Enveloped
One Ag type
F gene
Important for measles virus fusion
HA protein
Important for measles virus attachment
Diagnose measles
Koplik’s spots opposite of molars
Confirm with laboratory findings
Measles vaccine
Live attenuated
Prepared in chick embryo fibroblasts
Combined with mumps and rubella (MMR)
1st dose 12-15 months, 2nd dose 4-6 years
German measles presentation
Maculopapular rash on face then progressing downward
Fainter than measles, does not coalesce
German measles symptoms
Prodrome of low grade fever, lymphadenopathy, and URT symptoms
German measles causative agent
Rubella virus
How is congenital rubella syndrome most often contracted?
85% of infants born to mothers experiencing a rubella infection during first trimester of pregnancy
Congenital rubella syndrome symptoms
Deafness (the big one)
Cataracts, congenital glaucoma, congenital heart disease, purpura, jaundice
Rubella virus family and features
Togaviridae
Enveloped
+ssRNA
Rubella virus vaccine
Live attenuated vaccine
Combined with mumps and measles (MMR)
Fifth disease
Erythema infectiosum
Fever, rash beginning on cheeks
Fifth disease causative agent
B19 parvovirus
Parvovirus family and features
Parvoviridae
ssDNA
Only replicates in mitotically active cells - uses host replication machinery
Aplastic crisis
Caused by B19 parvovirus replication in RBCs of people with chronic anemia
B19 parvovirus complications in pregnancy
Increased risk for fetal death
Results in anemia, CHF, and hydrops fetalis
Roseola infantum
High fever
Maculopapular rash following fever resolution
Roseola causative agent
Human herpes virus 6 (HHV-6) OR HHV-7
HHV-6 family and features
Herpesviridae
dsDNA
Enveloped
Replicates in T-cells, B-cells, and oral pharynx
HHV-7 family and features
Herpesviridae
dsDNA
Enveloped
Specifically in CD4+ T cells
Infection occurs later than HHV-6
