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Micro Exam 4 > export_gi viral infection i > Flashcards

export_gi viral infection i Flashcards

1
Q

Hepatitis definition and presentations

A

Inflammation of the liver
Acute

Chronic

Fulminant

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2
Q

Symptoms of acute hepatitis

A

Jaundice
Dark urine

Alcoholic stool (light or clay-colored)

Prodrome (headache, myalgia, fatigue, nausea, vomiting)

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3
Q

Acute hepatitis biochemistry

A

Elevated bilirubin levels, ALT, AST

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4
Q

Chronic hepatitis

A

6 months+ of disease

Predisposes to hepatocellular carcinoma and cirrhosis

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5
Q

Fulminant hepatitis

A

Rapid and severe
Massive hepatic necrosis

Encephalopathy

Edema

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6
Q

Hepatitis A virus family

A

Picornavirus

+ssRNA

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7
Q

Hepatitis A transmission

A

Fecal-oral route

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8
Q

Hepatitis A incubation and resolution

A

~28 days

Resolves usually within 2 months

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9
Q

Hepatitis A diagnosis

A

IgM and IgG Abs against HAV

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10
Q

Hepatitis A prevention

A

Inactivated vaccine
IM injection - 2 doses

Vaccination for all infants recommended

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11
Q

Hepatitis B particles

A 
Tubes and spheres (non-infectious, but diagnostic)
Dane particles (virions)
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12
Q

Hepatitis B family

A

Hepadnavirus

Partial dsDNA

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13
Q

Hepatitis B serology

A

Viral Ag and anti-HBV Abs are used for diagnosis

Presence of HBsAg within the blood is a marker for active infection

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14
Q

What markers would be found in someone with acute Hepatitis B?

A

HBsAg

IgG and IgM anti-HBc

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15
Q

What markers would be found in someone with chronic Hepatitis B?

A

HBsAg

Only IgG anti-HBc

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16
Q

What markers would be found in someone vaccinated for Hepatitis B?

A

Anti-HBsAg

17
Q

What markers would be found in someone previously infected with Hepatitis B?

A

Anti-HBsAg

Only IgG anti-HBc

18
Q

Hepatitis B treatment

A

None for acute

Lamivudine, Famcylovir, IFN-alpha for chronic

19
Q

Hepatitis B prevention

A

Recombinant vaccine of purified HBsAg protein
IM injection

Recommended for all infants

20
Q

Hepatitis C family

A

Flavivirus
Enveloped

+ssRNA

21
Q

Hepatitis C diagnosis

A

Anti-HCV Abs

PCR for viral genome

22
Q

Sofosbuvir

A

Anti-viral used in treatment of several Hepatitis C genotypes
RdRp inhibitor

23
Q

Hepatitis C prevention

A

No vaccine available

Reduce high risk behaviors

24
Q

Hepatitis D family

A

Deltavirus

Circular ssRNA

25
Q

Limitation of Hepatitis D virus

A

Helper-dependent virus

Requires HBsAg, so can only affect people who have been previously affected, or co-infected, with HBV

26
Q

Hepatitis D disease

A

More likely to cause fulminant hepatitis

Only Hepatitis virus that causes direct damage to hepatocytes

27
Q

Hepatitis D diagnosis

A

ELISA

28
Q

Hepatitis D prevention

A

Vaccines against HBV, since it is required for HDV infection

29
Q

Hepatitis E family

A

Herpevirus

+ssRNA

30
Q

Hepatitis E transmission

A

Fecal-oral

31
Q

Hepatitis E mortality rate

A

Higher in pregnant women

32
Q

Hepatitis E treatment

A

Alleviate symptoms

Micro Exam 4 (8 decks)

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