export_chapter 9 the management of oral trauma Flashcards
What muscle makes up the bottom of the mouth?
- mylohyoid
How many ridges are on the hard palate of horses?
- 18
What arteries supply the mouth in the horse?
- facial and buccinator
- venous plexus beneath mucosa of hard palate supplied by palatine arteries and veins
What sits at the root of the tongue?
What vein supplies this?
- lingual tonsils
- lingual and sublingual branches of the external maxillary artery and veins
What supplies motor to the tongue?
Sensory?
- 12th CN
- rostral 2/3 5, 7
- caudal 1/3 lingual branch of 9
What are 3 salivary ducts and where do they open?
- parotid at 108, 208
- mandibular at 304, 404
- sublingual about 30 ducts along the fold
How should oral soft tissue injuries be closed?
- minimum two layers: skin and mucosa
- preferably skin, muscle and mucosa
What are preferred sutures?
- polyglactin (vicryl) or polydioxanone (PDS)
What suture pattern should be used in extensive facial injuries?
- simple interrupted alternated with mattress
What is concern with cheek laceration?
- parotid salivary gland
What is concern with lip injuries?
How is this minimized?
- repairing orbicularis oris
- excess movement
- separate skin from muscle at edges of wound to allow closure in layers and minimize dehiscence
When repairing the horse tongue where should tension sutures be placed?
Why?
- dorsal aspect
- stronger mucosa so better suture retention
How are subepiglottal infections or granulomatous abcesses repaired?
- oral approach or ventral midline pharyngotomy
What is complication with soft palate repair?
Why?
What can help avoid the complication
- dehiscence
- moves a lot
- Nasogasatric tube feeding
What is repair for cleft palate in horses?
- must be euthanized if dysphagic or exercise intolerance because cannot be repaired
