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World History > Exploration - Test Review > Flashcards

Exploration - Test Review Flashcards

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1
Q

What were the major motivations for European exploration?

A

God, Gold, and Glory
Europeans wanted direct trade to Asia

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2
Q

What were the main reasons Europeans tried to find new routes to Asia?

A

Constantinople was taken and the Ottomans charged high taxes to trade through

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3
Q

What impacts did the Ming Dynasty have on early exploration?

A

they were part of the beginning of exploration and helped establish maritime trade

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4
Q

What impact did the Ottoman Empire have on exploration?

A

They forced Europeans into finding new trade routes to Asia and China

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5
Q

What were the lasting impacts of Spanish exploration on the conquest of Central and South America?

A

Slavery, Pizza, World trade, decline in Native American population

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6
Q

Why did European monarchs encourage and fund exploration? What did they want?

A

they wanted wealth from the new world and control

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7
Q

What was the first global trade agreement between the Spanish and the Portuguese?

A

The Treaty of Tortesillas

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8
Q

How did Christianity impact the need for exploration?

A

They wanted to share their religion and spread it around the world

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9
Q

Describe the role of the conquistador:

A

Someone that would conquer the new world

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10
Q

Christopher Columbus -

A

Discovering the new world for Europeans

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11
Q

Vasco de Gama -

A

Sailed around the southern tip of Africa to India

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12
Q

Bartholomew Dias -

A

reached the Southern tip of Africa

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13
Q

Ferdinand Magellan -

A

He circumnavigated the globe

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14
Q

John Cabot -

A

Didn’t find the NW passage, found fish

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15
Q

Jacques Cartier -

A

Found St. Lawrence river, helped France claim Canada

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16
Q

Henry Hudson -

A

Hudson river + Bay

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17
Q

Zheng He -

A

a Chinese explorer that made lots of money for China

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18
Q

Prince Henry the Navigator -

A

Started a school of navigation

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19
Q

Herman Cortes -

A

reached Mexico but got ran out by the Aztec, came back and took it over.

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20
Q

Francisco Pizarro -

A

Took over the Inca Empire

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21
Q

List the major achievements of the Maya

A

12 month calendar, hieroglyphs

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22
Q

List the major achievements of the Aztecs

A

canals, bridges, chinampas (floating gardens)

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23
Q

List the major achievements of the Inca

A

2500 miles of territory, quipu, mita system, terrace farming, freeze drying, roads through mountains

24
Q

Why were the Spanish Victorious against the native people of the Americas?

A

They brought diseases and had way better weapons

25
Q

What shocking custom of the Aztecs and Maya did the Spanish learn about when they came to the new world?

A

Human Sacrifice

26
Q

Describe the Mita system of the Inca Empire:

A

All citizens who could preform labor were required to do so for a set number of days out of the year. ( including the ruler)

27
Q

Describe the Spanish Encomienda System in South America:

A

They forced native Americans to work in the gold and silver mines.

28
Q

What unique ways did the Aztec and Inca grow their crops?

A

The Aztecs used chinampas.
The Inca used terracing.

29
Q

What roles did the Spanish play in the silver trade?

A

The Spanish were in charge of mining and distributing the silver.

30
Q

What happened because of the Spanish over mining silver?

A

Inflation

31
Q

What is Potosí?

A

A mountain of silver in the Americas

32
Q

What was the direct of result of the slave trade of West Africa?

A

The population decreased, some nations became wealthy from selling slaves but some fell apart from selling there people.

33
Q

What was the Triangle Trade?

A

Europeans take resources back to Europe from America
Europeans bring resources to America
Europe brings slaves to America

34
Q

What goods/items went where in the Triangle trade?

A

Americas: Slaves
Europe: Sugar, cotton, rum, and tobacco
Africa: pots, pans, guns, alcohol, and horses

35
Q

Describe the Middle Passage:

A

The transportation of slaves to the Americas they has just enough room to sit up, some had to lie down.

36
Q

What caused the need for the Atlantic Slave Trade to exist?

A

The native Americas died from disease, so the Europeans had no one to do the work from them.

37
Q

How did the Atlantic Slave trade impact Europe?

A

Europe: Helped them become rich because of the materials coming in.

38
Q

How did the Atlantic Slave trade impact the Americas?

A

Americas: Many natives were hulled from exhaustion.

39
Q

How did the Atlantic Slave trade impact Africa?

A

Africa: 16 million people were taken. Population was able to grow because of food.

40
Q

Describe the Positive impacts of the Colombian Exchange?

A
  • New land/ resources
  • animals
  • better diets
41
Q

Describe the Negative impacts of the Colombian Exchange?

A
  • population decreased
  • disease
  • war
42
Q

How did the Colombian Exchange impacts the Americas?

A
  • diets improved
  • animals
  • Population decreased
43
Q

How did the Colombian Exchange impacts the Europe?

A
  • New land
  • Corn and Potatoes
44
Q

How did the Colombian Exchange impacts Africa?

A
  • Populations
45
Q

What were some of the goods exchanged between the “ old world and “ new world?”

A
  • Sugar
  • Cotton
  • Tobacco
  • Rum
  • Coffee
46
Q

What was the commercial revolution?

A

A time in which new business practices developed and changed in European society, the result of trade increased.

47
Q

What is mercantilism?

A

An economic practice adopted by European colonial powers to become self-sufficient. Export more - import less

48
Q

How is mercantilism related to colonization?

A

It encouraged the colonist to purchase good from England rather than rival nations

49
Q

What Is the role of colonies?

A

They provided resources and raw materials that weren’t available in Europe

50
Q

What was Sir Francis Drake’s role in changing the British Economy?

A

He would pirate Spanish ships to take their ships

51
Q

What is a joint-stock company?

A

Privately owned companies that sold stock to investors

52
Q

What advantages do joint-stock companies create for business people?

A

They can decrease the risk, investors can gain money.

53
Q

What is capitalism?

A

An economic system based on private ownership and investment of wealth for profit.

54
Q

How is capitalism related to exploration?

A

People would invest in ships

55
Q

Describe the role of East India Companies in regards to global trade:

A

They were monopolies that controlled trade.

World History (5 decks)

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