exploration and circumnavigation

Question 1

what 3 changes allowed for exploration?

Answer 1

defences: better weapons like canons which made it easier to explore territory without being attacked

technology: better ships designed which were much faster as they had a lateen sail

navigation: astrolabe allowed sailors to judge position and accurate compasses made navigation easier

Question 2

who was the leader at circumnavigation?

Answer 2

sir Francis drake

Question 3

between what years was circumnavigation completed?

Answer 3

1577 - 1580

Question 4

what did francis take on circumnavigation?

Answer 4

five ships to raid the spanish ports in the americas

Question 5

was the circumnavigation a success?

Answer 5

yes-
-he raided a number of spanish ports on the coast of the continent south america for the Queen
-claimed north america for Queen Elizabeth
-he was knighted on the golden hind by elizabeth
-he also navigated the dangerous cape of good hope

Question 6

what was sir walter raleign given royal permission for?

Answer 6

exploring the america’s in 1584 and colonising any land that was not ruled by a christian

Question 7

what did walter raleign have to do after colonising the land?

Answer 7

he had to give the queen one fifth of all the gold and silver he found there

Question 8

where was the first colony established?

Answer 8

Roanoke

Question 9

when was the second colony established?

Answer 9

1587

Question 10

what happened with the second colony?

Answer 10

it seemed like it would succeed but the leader who had gone to britain came back and found the colonists had gone and a local tribe name craved into a tree

Question 11

what did Drake, raleigns and hawkins bring to england?

Answer 11

more wealth, power and territory

Question 12

who was jhon hawkins?

Answer 12

-respected sailor and courtier
-he was also a respected privateer and thought that he brought tobacco to england

Question 13

what was jhon hawkins in charge of?

Answer 13

building up a navy and commanding it against the spanish armada

Question 14

what did hawkins do in 1564?

Answer 14

kidnapped several hundred west africans and sold them in south america as slaves

Question 15

how did exploration increase wealth?

Answer 15

• raiding spanish ships and ports allowed stolen riches to be brought back

-trading systems established and spices, silks. and porcelain were all brought back to england

-trade with east in spices and other goods grew as english sailors could deal directly with merchants in asia

-new trade companies were created to deal with trade in a particular area

-trade in african american slaves brought wealth. other englishmen saw how hawkins benefitted from slave trade and slave labour enabled raw materials to be produced cheaply in the americas

Question 16

what is an example of a company set up to deal with trade in a particular area?

Answer 16

levant company dealt with trade in turkey and the middle east

Question 17

how did power increase in britain?

Answer 17

-improved weapons and tactics and the skilled command of men like francis drake

-english victory over the spanish armada showed the dominant position that England held

Question 18

how did territory increase in Britain?

Answer 18

-England was not the first country to colonise but they had perserverance which led to an increasing number of colonies (especially in north america) which were established in the name of queen liz and her successors