Explanations Flashcards
What is classical conditioning?
When a response that would naturally occur in response to a stimulus because it became associated with another stimulus
What is operant conditioning
When a behaviour has been strengthened or weakened as a result of reward or punishment
What is bowlbys theory of attachment
Attachments are: innately programmed, have a critical period, influence later relationships (CONTINUITY) and one bond is stronger than all others (MONOTROPY)
What is innately programmed?
And what studies support it
Humans and animals are innately programmed to become attached and adults are innately programmed to respond
- Lorenz - animals have a innate tendency to imprint
- meltzof and Moore - babies have innate tendency to copy facial expressions
What is critical period?
Attachments has to form within the first 2 and a half years of life, after that it is much less likely for an attachments to form
What is continuity hypothesis?
And what study supports it
Early attachments effect later relationships - internal working models
- hazan and shaver - love quiz
What is monotropy?
And what evidence is there for it
One attachments is more important than the other - mother
Schaffer and Emerson
What is the learning theory
Attachments are learned through interaction with caregivers who provide food warmth and comfort
Evaluate the learning theory
Schaffer and Emerson - 39% weren’t attached to the person who normally fed them
Doesn’t explain the bond mothers and children have as adults
Extinguishes a complex bond down to just food
What are the implications of bowlbys theory of attachment
- children are fostered within the critical period
- new babies have I’mmediate skin on skin touch with mother
- parents can stay with their child in hospital
