experiments . Research Methods Flashcards
experiment
An experiment is an investigation looking for a causal
relationship in which an independent variable (IV) is
manipulated and is expected to be responsible for
changes in the dependent variable (DV).
2 types
lab
field
DV dependent variable
what is being measured expected to be due to the change of the IV
IV independent variable
what is under investigation what is being manipulated and controlled
the WHAT
AIM
uncontrolled variable
can be done randomly they will effect the DV so the IV is not the reason for the change ex: outside noise
stuatiunal varabiles
experimental condition
different levels of the IV
control condition
or control experimental condition
does not have a IV its used as a baseline
Laboratory
are conducted in a lab with artificial surroundings not in natural envorment
as high controls
controls
when all variables are kept consent in different levels of the IV
Standardization
when all procedure is kept the same for all participants in each experimental condition
reliability
is the consistency of measures
validity
the extent to the researcher is testing what they are claiming
making sure that the change in the DV is due to the IV
replication
keeping the procedure of study the exact same when attempting to verify results or be able to repeat it
operationalization
making the IV and DV measurable of quantified
placebo
is a pill or procedure given to a patient who believes it to be real
no active ingredients
strengths of lab
-High levels of standardization
hence it can be replicated
easily to test for reliability
-good controls, rising(internal) validity
- High levels of control hence
researches can be more
confident that the IV is
directly affecting the DV
weakness of lab
-low ecological validity
-damad characteristics
field experiments
has IV and in an everyday real world setting
generalize
applying the findings of a study to other settings
ecological validity
real world and relevant to real life
strengths of field
-Realistic setting hence high
ecological validity
-Limited demand
characteristics so behavior
is more likely to be natural
and valid
dis of field
-not ethical no informed consent
- Situational variables are
difficult to control so it is
tough know if the IV is
affecting the DV
-low controls so low reliability and this makes replication harder
