experimental design

Question 1

experimental design

Answer 1

the way that participants are allocated to the levels of the IV

Question 2

3 types

Answer 2

1)independent measures
2)repeated
3)matched pair

Question 3

independent

Answer 3

design in which a different group of participants is used
for each level of the IV

Question 4

why do we use random allocation

Answer 4

high participant variables

Question 5

are there demand characteristics

Answer 5

no

Question 6

what are demand characteristics

Answer 6

features that give away the aim
reduces validity

Question 7

random allocation

Answer 7

helps avoid participant variables everyone has equal chance of getting picked (hat)

Question 8

strengths of indep

Answer 8

1-no order effects
2-no demand characteristics
3-random allocation reduces participation variables

Question 9

weaknesses of indep

Answer 9

1-partispant varibles
2-more participants are needed

Question 10

repeated

Answer 10

A repeated measures design is an experimental design in
which each participant performs in every level of the IV.

Question 11

participant variables

Answer 11

individual differences that can effect results

Question 12

order effects

Answer 12

happen when a task is being performed more than once

Question 13

types of order effects

Answer 13

1-practice: improves because they did it once before
2-fatigue: performance declines gets worse due to boredom or tiredness

Question 14

randomisation

Answer 14

way to overcome order effects

Question 15

counterbalancing

Answer 15

is a way to overcome order effects where each possible order of levels of the IV preformed in sub groups

Question 16

ad of repeated

Answer 16

-Eliminates any participant
variables as all of them take
part in all conditions
-fewer participants

Question 17

dis of repeated

Answer 17

-There is a chance of demand
characteristics as participants
may work out the aim or
change their behaviour.
-Order effects can affect the
findings of the study and
reduce its validity. This could
be overcome using
counterbalancing.

Question 18

matched pairs

Answer 18

is an experimental design in
which participants are arranged in pairs. Each pair is
similar in ways that are important to the study and one
member of each pair performs in a different level of the
IV.

Question 19

strengths of matched

Answer 19

-no demand
-no order effects
-no participant variables

Question 20

weakness of matched

Answer 20

1-Trying to match people
exactly is impossible as there
will always be individual
differences from one person
to another.
-The sample may be smaller
as trying to find a large
sample of people matching
across similar traits may be
difficult. This may mean the
findings may lack external
validity.