Experiments And Ethics

Question 1

____ - Conducting an experiment involves factors that can vary

Answer 1

Variables

Question 2

____ variable - The one that is manipulated or changed by the experimenter

Answer 2

Independent variable

Question 3

____ variable - The variable that depends on a change in the independent variable

Answer 3

Dependent variable

Question 4

_____ group - Receives the change

Answer 4

Experimental group

Question 5

____ group - Does not receive any change or treatment (helps the experimenter ensure that the results of the change are not caused by anything else)

Answer 5

Control group

Question 6

____ ___ - Suggests that our expectations about how something is supposed to go can influence our outcome

Answer 6

Placebo Effect

Question 7

____ - A substance that has no effect apart from someone’s belief it will (Researchers give this to the CONTROL GROUP in order to test the effects. Often in drug research attempting to study whether the drug itself is an effective treatment for the condition it is being used for)

Answer 7

Placebo

Question 8

___-___ study - Used when we do not tell the participants whether or not they are the experimental or control

Answer 8

Single-blind study

Question 9

___-___ study - Where the experimenter is not told which group is which (this way the results aren’t influenced by the researcher’s expectations)

Answer 9

Double-blind study

Question 10

____ ___ - One way we can analyze the data we collect (usually involves finding the mean, or the average score.)

Answer 10

Central Tendency

Question 11

____ ____ - The measure of distance of every score to the mean (can be positive or negative depending on whether or not the number is higher or lower than the average. Calculated by subtracting the mean from each score)

Answer 11

Standard Deviation

Question 12

____ - Standards for proper and reasonable behavior when conducting research. Psychological studies are governed by this code that all psychologists must follow. (These preserve human dignity, foster welfare for all participants, and maintain scientific integrity)

Answer 12

Ethics

Question 13

____ - Researchers must keep all records of the participants ___ as the participants are given a right to privacy. (Some exceptions such as if the participant says they plan to harm themselves or others. People will be more truthful if they know it will be confidential)

Answer 13

Confidential

Question 14

___ ____ - If there is going to be any sort of discomfort or short term negative effects the experimenter must tell them. (Anything that could cause permanent or long term harm or extreme harm are not allowed by the American Psychological Association. Participants must give the researcher permission)

Answer 14

Informed consent

Question 15

Deception may only be used if the experiment requires some of it and when the benefits outweigh the harm. Psychologists may ____ or tell the participants what happened after the experiment is over

Answer 15

Debrief