Experiments

Question 1

Comparative Method.

Answer 1

Thought Experiment, reanalyse secondary data. Research two groups with one independent variable to identify causal laws.

Question 2

Comparative Method Evaluation

Answer 2

:)
Can study past
No ethical issues

:(
No control

Question 3

Lab Experiments - What?

Answer 3

Divide group into experimental and control, expose experimental to independent variable, measure conditions. If variation, identify causal law.

Question 4

Lab Experiments - Theoretical

Answer 4

Unrepresentative
Lack external and internal validity
INTERPRETIVISTS- Free will, not external forces create behaviour.

:)
Reliable, detached, quantitive, test hypothesis

Question 5

Lab Experiments - Practical

Answer 5

KEAT AND URRY- Only suitable for closed system where can control and identify all the variables. Impossible in society.
Cannot have too identical groups
Cannot study past or for long periods, or big samples
Cannot study macro-approach
HAWTHORNE EFFECT
EXPECTANCY EFFECT - Researcher expects something to happen and inadvertently causes it to happen.

Question 6

Lab Experiments - Ethics

Answer 6

Informed consent but don’t want to ruin research
Harm
Fair- if help one group should help all.

Question 7

Lab Experiments - In Context

Answer 7

ZIMBARDO- prison experiment. Cause serious distress.

BANDURA- Bobo Dolls, possibly create harm and invalid as artificial.

Question 8

FIELD EXPERIMENTS - What and Who?

Answer 8

Covert experiment in actors natural enviroment. Isolate and test one variable.

ROSENTHAL AND JACOBSON - School study.
BLACK AND GAY - White and Black actors with same qualifications went for the same job.

Question 9

FIELD EXPERIMENTS - Evaluation

Answer 9

:)
Natural

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Less Control
No consent.

Question 10

FIELD EXPERIMENTS - In context.

Answer 10

TILLEY- Used to test ‘safe cities’ strategy 1980s/1990s. Rochedale pilot suggests works. BUT- varied results in other areas. Proves cannot replicate schemes.

Used for Short, Sharp Shock research. Highlighted the plan did not work, captive population so easy to conduct study.

Issues

• If closed enviroment change spread very quickly, hard to keep covert.
• Group offenders placed in could effect rehabilitation.
• Gov funded so no control, Thatcher still introduced.

Question 11

DURKHEIM

Answer 11

Suicide study = Comparative Method.