Experimental methods

Question 1

Define independent variable

Answer 1

The variable that changes or is manipulated(by the researcher) to see if it has an effect on the DV

Question 2

Define dependent variable

Answer 2

The variable that the researcher measures to see the effect of the IV

Question 3

Operationalising meaning

Answer 3

To be specific and clear when defining variables, to make it measurable

Question 4

Why is operationalising important?

Answer 4

Increases reliability

Question 5

Define Aim

Answer 5

General statement of what researcher intends to investigate, the purpose of the study. Starts with “To investigate…”

Question 6

Define Hypothesis

Answer 6

Specific, testable statement in which the researcher predicts what will happen between the variable

Question 7

Directional hypothesis

Answer 7

States what the difference is between conditions

Question 8

Non-Directional Hypothesis

Answer 8

States there will be a difference between conditions

Question 9

Extraneous variables

Answer 9

Unwanted extra variables other than the IV that could affect the DV, lowering internal validity of the study

Question 10

3 main causes of extraneous variables

Answer 10

Situational factors, participant variables(only in independent groups design), Experimenter variables

Question 11

Confounding variable

Answer 11

When an extraneous variable is not controlled for and affects the DV

Question 12

Describe a lab method

Answer 12

Experiment conducted in a highly controlled environment where researches manipulates IV and measures effect on DV