Experimental Designs Flashcards
Experimental design
Organization of groups and conditions in an experiment
Repeated measures design
One sample of participants receives each condition of an experiment
Aim of a repeated measures design
Comparison of conditions
Types of repeated measures design
a) Two or more conditions tested distinctively
b) Two or more conditions tested concurrently
Advantage of repeated measures design
a) Control of participant variability (differences between the groups)
b) Fewer participants are need
Limitations of repeated measures design
a) Order effects
b) Demand characteristics
Examples of order effects
a) Practise. Improvement in their task performance
b) Fatigue. Getting tired and concentration decreases
Solution to order effects
Counterbalancing
a) One group of participants will start with condition A and then takes part in condition B.
b) Second group of participants starts with condition B and then takes part in condition A
Independent measures design
Members of a sample are randomly allocated to one condition of the experiment
Purpose of independent measures design
Comparison between experimental and control group
When are groups equivalent in the independent measures design?
a) Size (Large)
b) Radomness
Advantages of independent measures design
a) Order effects are controlled
b) Demand characteristics
c) Same material could be used for all conditions
Limitations of Independent measures degin
a) Influence of participant variability
b) More participans are required
Matched pairs design
Independent samples design in which participants are not randomly allocated
How are participants separated in matched pairs design?
a) Pretested to a matching variable
b) Matched based on a trait
