Experimental Designs Flashcards
How does repeated measure work?
The same participants are used in each condition.
How does independent measures work?
Separate and different participants are used in each condition.
How does match pairs work?
Participants are questioned to find a similar participant. The first participants will go to condition A and the second participants will go to condition B.
What is a strength of repeated measures?
1) Eliminates participants variables - reduced due to only using one group.
What are the limitations of repeated measure? How is it overcome?
1) Order effects - the order we do something can effect our performance (e.g fatigue, boredom or doing better the second time.)
Overcome: counter balancing = split into two groups -> take part in both conditions but in different orders (G1 - AB, G2 - BA) this dissipates and balances effects.
2) Also increases demand characteristics.
What are the strengths for independent measures?
1) Reduces order effects - 2 different groups so nobody is doing both conditions.
2) Reduces demand characteristics - participants are less likely to guess the aim of the research as they are only in one group,
What is a weakness of independent measures? How is this overcome?
1) Introduces participant variables - some participants may be naturally be more able at the DV task than others which may cause one group to be better than the other.
Overcome: Random allocation to conditions = names in hat first 10 to condition A others to B. - eliminates research bias (even unintentionally)
What are the strengths of matched pairs?
1) Avoids participant variables - controlling them as they have been matched.
2) Avoids order effects as they are using two groups.
What is the weakness of matched pairs?
Time and cost Implications + practically difficult to complete.
